alert; departed soul; efficacious alert; departed soul; efficacious; quick; effective; intelligence |
Tianjin; ferry | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (靈津) | 靈 | 津 | |
simp. (灵津) | 灵 | 津 |
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 靈 | 津 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 精 (13) |
Final (韻) | 青 (125) | 眞 (43) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
Division (等) | IV | III |
Fanqie | 郎丁切 | 將鄰切 |
Baxter | leng | tsin |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/leŋ/ | /t͡siɪn/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/leŋ/ | /t͡sin/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/lɛŋ/ | /t͡sjen/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/lɛjŋ/ | /t͡sin/ |
Li Rong |
/leŋ/ | /t͡siĕn/ |
Wang Li |
/lieŋ/ | /t͡sĭĕn/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/lieŋ/ | /t͡si̯ĕn/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
líng | jīn |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
ling4 | zan1 |
靈津