𐌕𐌓𐌄

Umbrian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Italic *trēs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes (“three”). Compare Latin trēs.

Numeral

𐌕𐌓𐌄 • (tre) (early Iguvine) (accusative masculine/feminine)

1. three
   • early 2^nd century BCE, Iguvine Tablets, table I, side A (photo; facsimile), lines 2–3:

     ² [...] 𐌐𐌓𐌄𐌅𐌄𐌓𐌄𐌔⁚​𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌐𐌋𐌀𐌍𐌄𐌔⁚​ ³ 𐌉𐌖𐌅𐌄⁚​𐌊𐌓𐌀𐌐𐌖𐌅𐌉⁚​𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌁𐌖𐌚⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]

     preveres treplanes / iuve krapuvi tre buf fetu

     In front of the Trebulan gate sacrifice three oxen to Jupiter Grabovius.

Declension

• (accusative masculine/feminine) e.Ig. 𐌕𐌓𐌄 (tre), 𐌕𐌓𐌄𐌚 (tref), 𐌕𐌓𐌉𐌚 (trif); l.Ig. trif, treif
• (accusative neuter) e.Ig. 𐌕𐌓𐌉𐌉𐌀 (triia)
• (ablative neuter) e.Ig. 𐌕𐌓𐌉𐌔 (tris)

References

• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “trēs”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 628
• Ancillotti, Augusto, Cerri, Romolo (2015) “tre”, in Vocabolario dell'umbro delle tavole di Gubbio [Vocabulary of Umbrian and of the Iguvine Tables] (in Italian), page 53