𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶

Old Persian

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *xšaθram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to attain”). Cognate with Sanskrit क्षत्र (kṣatrá, “might, power”), Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra, “kingdom”), Khotanese kṣāra- (“power, dominion”), Old Armenian աշխարհ (ašxarh), Ancient Greek κτάομαι (ktáomai, “to get, acquire”).

Noun

𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶 (x-š-ç-m /xšaçam/) n

1. realm, province
2. kingship, sovereignty, kingdom

Derived terms

• 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 (Artaxšaçā, “Artaxerxes”)
• 𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎱𐎠𐎺𐎠 (xšaçapāvā, “satrap”)

Descendants

• Middle Persian: 𐭱𐭲𐭫𐭩 (štly /⁠šahr⁠/)
  • Persian: شهر (šahr)