𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

From Sanskrit छाया (chāyā́), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *śćaHyáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *śćaHyáH, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃ih₂.

Noun

𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā) f (Delhi-Topra)

1. shade, shadow
   • c. 257 BCE, Aśoka, Pillar Edict 7 line 23:

     𑀫𑀕𑁂𑀲𑀼 𑀧𑀺 𑀫𑁂 𑀦𑀺𑀕𑁄𑀳𑀸𑀦𑀺 𑀮𑁄𑀧𑀸𑀧𑀺𑀢𑀸𑀦𑀺 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑁄𑀧𑀕𑀸𑀦𑀺 𑀳𑁄𑀲𑀁𑀢𑀺 𑀧𑀲𑀼𑀫𑀼𑀦𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀦𑀁 𑀅𑀁𑀩𑀸𑀯𑀟𑀺𑀓𑁆𑀬𑀸 𑀮𑁄𑀧𑀸𑀧𑀺𑀢𑀸

     magesu pi me nigohāni lopāpitāni chāyopagāni hosaṃti pasumunisānaṃ aṃbāvaḍikyā lopāpitā

     On the roads banyan-trees were caused to be planted by me, (in order that) they might afford shade to cattle and men, (and) mango-groves were caused to be planted.

Derived terms

• *𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮 (*chāyā-illa)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀙𑀸𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮 (chāilla)
• *𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀇𑀓𑀸 ~ *𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸-𑀉𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀇𑀓𑀸 (*chāyā-illa-ikā ~ *chāyā-ulla-ikā)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀙𑀸𑀆-𑀇𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀇𑀆 ~ *𑀙𑀸𑀆-𑀉𑀮𑁆𑀮-𑀇𑀆 (*chāā-illa-iā ~ *chāā-ulla-iā)
    • Konkani:

      Devanagari script: साव्ळी (sāvḷī)

      Kannada script: ಸಾವ್ಳೀ (sāvḷī)

      Latin script: savoli

    • Old Marathi:

      Devanagari script: साउली (sāulī)

      Modi script: 𑘭𑘰𑘄𑘩𑘲 (sāulī)

      • Marathi: सावली (sāvlī)

Descendants

• Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā)
• Khasa Prakrit:
  • Garhwali: छेलु (chelu)
  • Kumaoni: छोयो (choyo), छइल (chaila)
  • Nepali: छाया (chāyā, “freckle”), छाहारि (chāhāri)
• Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā), 𑀙𑀸𑀆 (chāā)
  • Assamese: ছাঁ (sã)
  • Bihari:
    • Bhojpuri: छाँह (chā̃h)
    • Maithili: छाँह (chā̃h), छाहरि (chāhari)
  • Odia: ଛାଇ (chai)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀙𑀸𑀆 (chāā), 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā)
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: ਛਾਂ (chā̃) / چھاں (chāṉ), ਛਾ (chā)
  • Sindhi: छाँ (chā̃), छांवा (chā̃vā)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā), 𑀙𑀸𑀆 (chāā)
  • Gujarati: છાંયડી (chā̃yaḍī)
  • Hindustani:

    Hindi: छाँव (chā̃v), छाईं (chāī̃)

    Urdu: چھاؤں (chā'oṉ)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “chāyāˊ”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• chāyā (Latin script)
• छाया (Devanagari script)
• ছাযা (Bengali script)
• ඡායා (Sinhalese script)
• ဆာယာ or ꧡႃယႃ (Burmese script)
• ฉายา (Thai script)
• ᨨᩣᨿᩣ (Tai Tham script)
• ຉາຍາ or ຉາຢາ (Lao script)
• ឆាយា (Khmer script)
• 𑄍𑄂𑄠𑄂 (Chakma script)

Noun

𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 f

1. Brahmi script form of chāyā (“shadow”)

Declension

Declension table of "𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀬𑁄 (chāyāyo) or 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā)
Accusative (second)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀁 (chāyaṃ)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀬𑁄 (chāyāyo) or 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā)
Instrumental (third)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀬 (chāyāya)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺 (chāyāhi) or 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀪𑀺 (chāyābhi)
Dative (fourth)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀬 (chāyāya)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀦𑀁 (chāyānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀬 (chāyāya)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀳𑀺 (chāyāhi) or 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀪𑀺 (chāyābhi)
Genitive (sixth)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀬 (chāyāya)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀦𑀁 (chāyānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀬 (chāyāya) or 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀬𑀁 (chāyāyaṃ)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀲𑀼 (chāyāsu)
Vocative (calling)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑁂 (chāye)	𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸𑀬𑁄 (chāyāyo) or 𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā)

Prakrit

Noun

𑀙𑀸𑀬𑀸 (chāyā) f (Devanagari छाया, Kannada ಛಾಯಾ) (Jain Maharastri)

1. hiatus-filler form of 𑀙𑀸𑀆 (chāā)