-ιος
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editDerived from Proto-Indo-European *-yós.
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /i.os/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /i.os/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /i.os/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /i.os/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /i.os/
Suffix
edit-ῐος • (-ĭos) m (feminine -ῐ́ᾱ, neuter -ῐον); first/second declension
- Suffix added to nouns or adjectives, forming adjectives: pertaining to, belonging to ("of").
- Often added to a combination of preposition and noun (parasynthesis)
- ἀπό-γε-ιος
- apó-ge-ios
- far from earth (adj.)
- Often added to a combination of preposition and noun (parasynthesis)
Inflection
editNumber | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | -ῐος -ĭos |
-ῐᾱ -ĭā |
-ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐᾱ -ĭā |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐοι -ĭoi |
-ῐαι -ĭai |
-ῐᾰ -ĭă | |||||
Genitive | -ῐου -ĭou |
-ῐᾱς -ĭās |
-ῐου -ĭou |
-ῐοιν -ĭoin |
-ῐαιν -ĭain |
-ῐοιν -ĭoin |
-ῐων -ĭōn |
-ῐων -ĭōn |
-ῐων -ĭōn | |||||
Dative | -ῐῳ -ĭōi |
-ῐᾳ -ĭāi |
-ῐῳ -ĭōi |
-ῐοιν -ĭoin |
-ῐαιν -ĭain |
-ῐοιν -ĭoin |
-ῐοις -ĭois |
-ῐαις -ĭais |
-ῐοις -ĭois | |||||
Accusative | -ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐᾱν -ĭān |
-ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐᾱ -ĭā |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐους -ĭous |
-ῐᾱς -ĭās |
-ῐᾰ -ĭă | |||||
Vocative | -ῐε -ĭe |
-ῐᾱ -ĭā |
-ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐᾱ -ĭā |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐοι -ĭoi |
-ῐαι -ĭai |
-ῐᾰ -ĭă | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
-ῐως -ĭōs |
-ῐώτερος -ĭṓteros |
-ῐώτᾰτος -ĭṓtătos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | -ῐος -ĭos |
-ῐη -ĭē |
-ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐᾱ -ĭā |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐοι -ĭoi |
-ῐαι -ĭai |
-ῐᾰ -ĭă | |||||
Genitive | -ῐου / -ῐοῖο / -ῐοιο / -ῐόο / -ῐοο -ĭou / -ĭoîo / -ĭoio / -ĭóo / -ĭoo |
-ῐης -ĭēs |
-ῐου / -ῐοῖο / -ῐοιο / -ῐόο / -ῐοο -ĭou / -ĭoîo / -ĭoio / -ĭóo / -ĭoo |
-ῐοιῐν -ĭoiĭn |
-ῐαιν / -ῐαιῐν / -ῐῃῐν -ĭai(ĭ)n / -ĭēiĭn |
-ῐοιῐν -ĭoiĭn |
-ῐων -ĭōn |
-ῐᾱ́ων / -ῐέ͜ων / -ῐῶν -ĭā́ōn / -ĭé͜ōn / -ĭôn |
-ῐων -ĭōn | |||||
Dative | -ῐῳ -ĭōi |
-ῐῃ -ĭēi |
-ῐῳ -ĭōi |
-ῐοιῐν -ĭoiĭn |
-ῐαιν / -ῐαιῐν / -ῐῃῐν -ĭai(ĭ)n / -ĭēiĭn |
-ῐοιῐν -ĭoiĭn |
-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ĭoisĭ(n) / -ĭois |
-ῐῃσῐ / -ῐῃσῐν / -ῐῃς / -ῐαις -ĭēisĭ(n) / -ĭēis / -ĭais |
-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ĭoisĭ(n) / -ĭois | |||||
Accusative | -ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐην -ĭēn |
-ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐᾱ -ĭā |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐους -ĭous |
-ῐᾱς -ĭās |
-ῐᾰ -ĭă | |||||
Vocative | -ῐε -ĭe |
-ῐη -ĭē |
-ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐᾱ -ĭā |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐοι -ĭoi |
-ῐαι -ĭai |
-ῐᾰ -ĭă | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
-ῐως -ĭōs |
-ῐώτερος -ĭṓteros |
-ῐώτᾰτος -ĭṓtătos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | -ῐος -ĭos |
-ῐη -ĭē |
-ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐᾱ -ĭā |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐοι -ĭoi |
-ῐαι -ĭai |
-ῐᾰ -ĭă | |||||
Genitive | -ῐου -ĭou |
-ῐης -ĭēs |
-ῐου -ĭou |
-ῐοιν -ĭoin |
-ῐαιν -ĭain |
-ῐοιν -ĭoin |
-ῐων -ĭōn |
-ῐέων / -ῐῶν -ĭéōn / -ĭôn |
-ῐων -ĭōn | |||||
Dative | -ῐῳ -ĭōi |
-ῐῃ -ĭēi |
-ῐῳ -ĭōi |
-ῐοιν -ĭoin |
-ῐαιν -ĭain |
-ῐοιν -ĭoin |
-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ĭoisĭ(n) / -ĭois |
-ῐῃσῐ / -ῐῃσῐν -ĭēisĭ(n) |
-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ĭoisĭ(n) / -ĭois | |||||
Accusative | -ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐην -ĭēn |
-ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐᾱ -ĭā |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐους -ĭous |
-ῐᾱς -ĭās |
-ῐᾰ -ĭă | |||||
Vocative | -ῐε -ĭe |
-ῐη -ĭē |
-ῐον -ĭon |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐᾱ -ĭā |
-ῐω -ĭō |
-ῐοι -ĭoi |
-ῐαι -ĭai |
-ῐᾰ -ĭă | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
-ῐως -ĭōs |
-ῐώτερος -ĭṓteros |
-ῐώτᾰτος -ĭṓtătos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms
edit- -ιον (-ion, diminutives and nominalized adjectives)
Descendants
edit- Greek: -ιος (-ios)
References
edit- Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 858.2
Greek
editEtymology 1
editFrom Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ĭos). Found in inherited words, and compositions of formal words.
Pronunciation
editfor older or formal words:
Suffix
edit-ιος • (-ios) m (feminine -ια, neuter -ιο)
- Used to form nouns and adjectives indicating origin:
Declension
editsingular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | -ιος (-ios) | -ια (-ia) -ία (-ía) |
-ιο (-io) | -ιοι (-ioi) | -ιες (-ies) | -ια (-ia) | |
genitive | -ιου (-iou) -ίου (-íou) |
-ιας (-ias) -ίας (-ías) |
-ιου (-iou) -ίου (-íou) |
-ιων (-ion) -ίων (-íon) |
-ιων (-ion) -ίων (-íon) |
-ιων (-ion) -ίων (-íon) | |
accusative | -ιο (-io) | -ια (-ia) -ία (-ía) |
-ιο (-io) | -ιους (-ious) -ίους (-íous) |
-ιες (-ies) | -ια (-ia) | |
vocative | -ιε (-ie) | -ια (-ia) -ία (-ía) |
-ιο (-io) | -ιοι (-ioi) | -ιες (-ies) | -ια (-ia) |
Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο -ιος, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο -ιος, etc.)
Etymology 2
editModern formations of derivatives from verbs or adjectives + -ιος (-ios)
Pronunciation
editin one syllable:
- IPA(key): /i̯os/ with palatal variants /ʝos, ʎos, ços, ɲos/ depending on the preceding consonant
- Hyphenation: ιος
Suffix
edit-ιος • (-ios) m (feminine -ια, neuter -ιο)
- Used to form adjectives indicating property, characteristic of the prototype word:
Declension
editsingular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | -ιος (-ios) | -ια (-ia) | -ιο (-io) | -ιοι (-ioi) | -ιες (-ies) | -ια (-ia) | |
genitive | -ιου (-iou) | -ιας (-ias) | -ιου (-iou) | -ιων (-ion) | -ιων (-ion) | -ιων (-ion) | |
accusative | -ιο (-io) | -ια (-ia) | -ιο (-io) | -ιους (-ious) | -ιες (-ies) | -ια (-ia) | |
vocative | -ιε (-ie) | -ια (-ia) | -ιο (-io) | -ιοι (-ioi) | -ιες (-ies) | -ια (-ia) |
Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο -ιος, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο -ιος, etc.)
Related terms
edit- -ειος (-eios)
Derived terms
editRelated terms
edit- -ιός (-iós)
Further reading
edit- "-ιος", in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek suffixes
- Ancient Greek unaccented terms
- Ancient Greek adjective-forming suffixes
- Ancient Greek masculine suffixes
- Ancient Greek terms with usage examples
- Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Greek lemmas
- Greek suffixes
- Greek masculine suffixes
- Greek adjectives in declension ος-α-ο-2
- Greek adjectives in declension ος-α-ο