-ιος
Ancient Greek Edit
Etymology Edit
From Proto-Indo-European *-yós.
Pronunciation Edit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /i.os/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /i.os/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /i.os/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /i.os/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /i.os/
Suffix Edit
-ῐος • (-ios) m (feminine -ῐ́ᾱ, neuter -ῐον); first/second declension
- Suffix added to nouns or adjectives, forming adjectives: pertaining to, belonging to ("of").
Inflection Edit
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | -ῐος -ios |
-ῐᾱ -iā |
-ῐον -ion |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐᾱ -iā |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐοι -ioi |
-ῐαι -iai |
-ῐᾰ -ia | |||||
Genitive | -ῐου -iou |
-ῐᾱς -iās |
-ῐου -iou |
-ῐοιν -ioin |
-ῐαιν -iain |
-ῐοιν -ioin |
-ῐων -iōn |
-ῐων -iōn |
-ῐων -iōn | |||||
Dative | -ῐῳ -iōi |
-ῐᾳ -iāi |
-ῐῳ -iōi |
-ῐοιν -ioin |
-ῐαιν -iain |
-ῐοιν -ioin |
-ῐοις -iois |
-ῐαις -iais |
-ῐοις -iois | |||||
Accusative | -ῐον -ion |
-ῐᾱν -iān |
-ῐον -ion |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐᾱ -iā |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐους -ious |
-ῐᾱς -iās |
-ῐᾰ -ia | |||||
Vocative | -ῐε -ie |
-ῐᾱ -iā |
-ῐον -ion |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐᾱ -iā |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐοι -ioi |
-ῐαι -iai |
-ῐᾰ -ia | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
-ῐως -iōs |
-ῐώτερος -iṓteros |
-ῐώτᾰτος -iṓtatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | -ῐος -ios |
-ῐη -iē |
-ῐον -ion |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐᾱ -iā |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐοι -ioi |
-ῐαι -iai |
-ῐᾰ -ia | |||||
Genitive | -ῐου / -ῐοῖο / -ῐοιο / -ῐόο / -ῐοο -iou / -ioîo / -ioio / -ióo / -ioo |
-ῐης -iēs |
-ῐου / -ῐοῖο / -ῐοιο / -ῐόο / -ῐοο -iou / -ioîo / -ioio / -ióo / -ioo |
-ῐοιῐν -ioiin |
-ῐαιν / -ῐαιῐν / -ῐῃῐν -iai(i)n / -iēiin |
-ῐοιῐν -ioiin |
-ῐων -iōn |
-ῐᾱ́ων / -ῐέ͜ων / -ῐῶν -iā́ōn / -ié͜ōn / -iôn |
-ῐων -iōn | |||||
Dative | -ῐῳ -iōi |
-ῐῃ -iēi |
-ῐῳ -iōi |
-ῐοιῐν -ioiin |
-ῐαιν / -ῐαιῐν / -ῐῃῐν -iai(i)n / -iēiin |
-ῐοιῐν -ioiin |
-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ioisi(n) / -iois |
-ῐῃσῐ / -ῐῃσῐν / -ῐῃς / -ῐαις -iēisi(n) / -iēis / -iais |
-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ioisi(n) / -iois | |||||
Accusative | -ῐον -ion |
-ῐην -iēn |
-ῐον -ion |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐᾱ -iā |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐους -ious |
-ῐᾱς -iās |
-ῐᾰ -ia | |||||
Vocative | -ῐε -ie |
-ῐη -iē |
-ῐον -ion |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐᾱ -iā |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐοι -ioi |
-ῐαι -iai |
-ῐᾰ -ia | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
-ῐως -iōs |
-ῐώτερος -iṓteros |
-ῐώτᾰτος -iṓtatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | -ῐος -ios |
-ῐη -iē |
-ῐον -ion |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐᾱ -iā |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐοι -ioi |
-ῐαι -iai |
-ῐᾰ -ia | |||||
Genitive | -ῐου -iou |
-ῐης -iēs |
-ῐου -iou |
-ῐοιν -ioin |
-ῐαιν -iain |
-ῐοιν -ioin |
-ῐων -iōn |
-ῐέων / -ῐῶν -iéōn / -iôn |
-ῐων -iōn | |||||
Dative | -ῐῳ -iōi |
-ῐῃ -iēi |
-ῐῳ -iōi |
-ῐοιν -ioin |
-ῐαιν -iain |
-ῐοιν -ioin |
-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ioisi(n) / -iois |
-ῐῃσῐ / -ῐῃσῐν -iēisi(n) |
-ῐοισῐ / -ῐοισῐν / -ῐοις -ioisi(n) / -iois | |||||
Accusative | -ῐον -ion |
-ῐην -iēn |
-ῐον -ion |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐᾱ -iā |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐους -ious |
-ῐᾱς -iās |
-ῐᾰ -ia | |||||
Vocative | -ῐε -ie |
-ῐη -iē |
-ῐον -ion |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐᾱ -iā |
-ῐω -iō |
-ῐοι -ioi |
-ῐαι -iai |
-ῐᾰ -ia | |||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
-ῐως -iōs |
-ῐώτερος -iṓteros |
-ῐώτᾰτος -iṓtatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Derived terms Edit
Descendants Edit
- Greek: -ιος (-ios)
References Edit
- Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920), “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 858.2
Greek Edit
Etymology 1 Edit
From Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ios). Found in inherited words, and compositions of formal words.
Pronunciation Edit
for older or formal words:
Suffix Edit
-ιος • (-ios) m (feminine -ια, neuter -ιο)
- Used to form nouns and adjectives indicating origin:
Declension Edit
Declension of -ιος
number case \ gender |
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | -ιος • | -ια • / -ία • | -ιο • | -ιοι • | -ιες • | -ια • |
genitive | -ιου • / -ίου • | -ιας • / -ίας • | -ιου • / -ίου • | -ιων • / -ίων • | -ιων • / -ίων • | -ιων • / -ίων • |
accusative | -ιο • | -ια • / -ία • | -ιο • | -ιους • / -ίους • | -ιες • | -ια • |
vocative | -ιε • | -ια • / -ία • | -ιο • | -ιοι • | -ιες • | -ια • |
derivations | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο -ιος, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο -ιος, etc.) |
Etymology 2 Edit
Modern formations of derivatives from verbs or adjectives + -ιος (-ios)
Pronunciation Edit
in one syllable:
- IPA(key): /i̯os/ with palatal variants /ʝos, ʎos, ços, ɲos/ depending on the preceding consonant
- Hyphenation: ιος
Suffix Edit
-ιος • (-ios) m (feminine -ια, neuter -ιο)
- Used to form adjectives indicating property, characteristic of the prototype word:
Declension Edit
Declension of -ιος
number case \ gender |
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | -ιος • | -ια • | -ιο • | -ιοι • | -ιες • | -ια • |
genitive | -ιου • | -ιας • | -ιου • | -ιων • | -ιων • | -ιων • |
accusative | -ιο • | -ια • | -ιο • | -ιους • | -ιες • | -ια • |
vocative | -ιε • | -ια • | -ιο • | -ιοι • | -ιες • | -ια • |
derivations | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο -ιος, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο -ιος, etc.) |
Related terms Edit
- -ειος (-eios)
Derived terms Edit
Related terms Edit
- -ιός (-iós)
Further reading Edit
- "-ιος" - Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.