-евш

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ěvъšь with e-kavian pronunciation of earlier -ě-, past active participle ending of ě- and ě/i-conj. verbs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [-ɛfʃ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Suffix

-евш • (-evš)

1. (dated, obsolete) Deverbal from ě-conj. verbs expressing a resultant or a quality induced by a past activity:

   старе́я (staréja, “to get older”) → старе́вш (starévš, “senile”) (obsolete)

   вилне́я (vilnéja, “to run amock”) → вилня́вш (vilnjávš, “inducing rage, amock”) (obsolete)

2. (dated, obsolete) Deverbal from ě/i-conj. verbs expressing a resultant or a quality induced by a past activity:

   потърпя́ (potǎrpjá, “to endure”) → потърпе́вш (potǎrpévš, “sufferer”)

   летя́ (letjá, “to fly”) → летя́вш (letjávš, “formerly flying”) (obsolete)

Usage notes

In Modern Bulgarian, the derivatives constructed with this suffix are interpreted as normal adjectives. The past active participle construction has been lost.

Alternative forms

• -явш (-javš) — with ja-kavian pronunciation of earlier -ě-
• -ев (-ev), -яв (-jav) — regular, without emphatic -ш

Related terms

• -вш (-vš), -в (-v)
• -авш (-avš), -ав (-av)
• -ивш (-ivš), -ив (-iv)
• -явш (-javš), -яв (-jav)

References

• St. Stoyanov (1983) “Прилагателни имена от причастия”, in Граматика на съвременния български книжовен език, volume 2, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 150