-в
Kalmyk edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Written Oirat ᠊ᡋᠠ (-ba) and ᠊ᡋᡄ (-be). Compare Mongolian -в (-v); Buryat -ба (-ba), -бо (-bo), -бэ (-be); etc.
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-в • (-v)
- Used to form the perfect preterite tense of a verb.
Etymology 2 edit
From Written Oirat ᡋᡅ (bi). Doublet of би (bi, “I”, first-person singular subject pronoun). Compare also Buryat -б (-b, after a vowel including a hidden epenthesis) and -би (-bi, after a consonant).
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-в • (-v)
- Used to form a first-person singular predicative from words of various parts of speech, meaning ‘I am …’ or ‘I …’
- Хальмгв. ― Xalʹmgv. ― I am a Kalmyk.
- (Can we date this quote?), “Ээҗин дун”:
- Киитнл булгиннь уснаснь / Киилгән уһаһад суулав
- Kiitnl bulginnʹ usnasnʹ / Kiilgän uğağad suulav
- From the water of a cold spring / I sat down after washing clothes
See also edit
Mongolian edit
Etymology edit
From Classical Mongolian ᠊ᠪᠡ (-be) and ᠊ᠪᠠ (-ba), from Middle Mongol ᠊ᠪᠡ m sg (-be) and ᠊ᠪᠠ m sg (-ba).
Suffix edit
-в • (-v)
- The terminative suffix, describing past events with no clear aspectual meaning
Usage notes edit
- Mostly used in questions about recent past