-лив

See also: лив

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ьlivъ (occasionally Proto-Slavic *-ъlivъ), a combination of the resultative suffix -л (-l) +‎ -ив (-iv).

Suffix

-лив • (-liv) m

1. Forms adjectives from nouns, verbal participles/nouns or adjectives with resultant or approximating meaning: -ish, -able

   From verbs:

   схва́щам (shváštam, “to grasp”) → схватли́в (shvatlív, “perceptive”)

   рабо́тя (rabótja, “to work”) → работли́в (rabotlív, “hard-working”)

   избу́хвам (izbúhvam, “to explode”) → избухли́в (izbuhlív, “short-tempered, explosive”)

   избу́хвам (izbúhvam, “to explode”) → избухли́в (izbuhlív, “short-tempered, explosive”)

   крада́ (kradá, “to steal”) → крадли́в (kradlív, “thievish”)

   ре́ва (réva, “to cry”) → ревли́в (revlív, “cry-baby”)

   From action/abstract nouns:

   сва́да (sváda, “quarrel”) → свадли́в (svadlív, “quarrelsome”)

   скок (skok, “jump”) → скокли́в (skoklív, “frisky”)

   лъ́жа (lǎ́ža, “lie”) → лъжли́в (lǎžlív, “prone to lying”)

   па́мет (pámet, “memory”) → паметли́в (pametlív, “with good memory”)

   безо́чие (bezóčie, “shamelessness”) → безо́члив (bezóčliv, “shameless”)

   суета́ (suetá, “vanity”) → суетли́в (suetlív, “fussy”)

   From adjectives:

   плах (plah, “timid”) → плашли́в (plašlív, “easily scared”)

   коке́тен (kokéten, “coquettish”) → кокетли́в (koketlív, “kittenish”)

Usage notes

Adjectives formed with the suffix -лив normally denote tendency, liability to do the activity/property that the adjective stem conveys.

Declension

Declension of -ли́в (no comparative)

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	-ли́в -lív	-ли́ва -líva	-ли́во -lívo	-ли́ви -lívi
definite (subject form)	-ли́вият -lívijat	-ли́вата -lívata	-ли́вото -lívoto	-ли́вите -lívite
definite (object form)	-ли́вия -lívija

Derived terms

Bulgarian terms suffixed with -лив

Related terms

• -елив (-eliv)
• -алив (-aliv)
• -льо (-ljo)

Macedonian

Etymology

Cognate with Russian -ли́вый (-lívyj), Czech -livý, etc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [lif]

Suffix

-лив • (-liv) m

1. -able (An adjective suffix, now usually in a passive sense; forms adjectives meaning possible, or fit).

Declension

Declension of -лив

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	-лив	-лива	-ливо	-ливи
definite unspecified	-ливиот	-ливата	-ливото	-ливите
definite proximal	-ливиов	-ливава	-ливово	-лививе
definite distal	-ливион	-ливана	-ливоно	-ливине

Derived terms

Macedonian terms suffixed with -лив

• мрзлив (mrzliv)
• возбудлив (vozbudliv)
• видлив (vidliv)
• горделив (gordeliv)
• врнежлив (vrnežliv)
• водонепропустлив (vodonepropustliv)