лъжа

Bulgarian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *lъžь, *lъža.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɫɐˈʒa̟]

Noun

лъжа́ • (lǎžá) f

1. untruth, lie, falsehood

   Antonym: и́стина (ístina)

2. tall story, stretcher
3. deceit, a cheat, artifice, guile, make-believe, sham, a fake, rip-off, dupery

   Synonym: изма́ма (izmáma)

Declension

Declension of лъжа́

	singular	plural
indefinite	лъжа́ lǎžá	лъжи́ lǎží
definite	лъжа́та lǎžáta	лъжи́те lǎžíte

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *lъgati.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɫɤʒɐ]

Verb

лъ́жа • (lǎ́ža) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. to tell an untruth, lie, tell stories, speak with a forked tongue
2. to deceive, be false to, cheat, play (someone), false, jockey, two-time

   Synonyms: ма́мя (mámja), изневеря́вам (izneverjávam)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of лъ́жа (conjugation 1.4, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	лъ́жещ lǎ́žešt	лъ́гал, лъга́л1 lǎ́gal, lǎgál1	лъ́жел lǎ́žel	лъ́ган lǎ́gan		лъ́жейки lǎ́žejki
	definite subject form	лъ́жещият lǎ́žeštijat	лъ́галият, лъга́лият1 lǎ́galijat, lǎgálijat1	—	лъ́ганият lǎ́ganijat
	definite object form	лъ́жещия lǎ́žeštija	лъ́галия, лъга́лия1 lǎ́galija, lǎgálija1	—	лъ́гания lǎ́ganija
feminine	indefinite	лъ́жеща lǎ́žešta	лъ́гала, лъга́ла1 lǎ́gala, lǎgála1	лъ́жела lǎ́žela	лъ́гана lǎ́gana
	definite	лъ́жещата lǎ́žeštata	лъ́галата, лъга́лата1 lǎ́galata, lǎgálata1	—	лъ́ганата lǎ́ganata
neuter	indefinite	лъ́жещо lǎ́žešto	лъ́гало, лъга́ло1 lǎ́galo, lǎgálo1	лъ́жело lǎ́želo	лъ́гано lǎ́gano	лъ́гане lǎ́gane
	definite	лъ́жещото lǎ́žeštoto	лъ́галото, лъга́лото1 lǎ́galoto, lǎgáloto1	—	лъ́ганото lǎ́ganoto	лъ́гането lǎ́ganeto
plural	indefinite	лъ́жещи lǎ́žešti	лъ́гали, лъга́ли1 lǎ́gali, lǎgáli1	лъ́жели lǎ́želi	лъ́гани lǎ́gani	лъ́гания, лъ́ганета lǎ́ganija, lǎ́ganeta
	definite	лъ́жещите lǎ́žeštite	лъ́галите, лъга́лите1 lǎ́galite, lǎgálite1	—	лъ́ганите lǎ́ganite	лъ́ганията, лъ́ганетата lǎ́ganijata, lǎ́ganetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		лъ́жа lǎ́ža	лъ́жеш lǎ́žeš	лъ́же lǎ́že	лъ́жем lǎ́žem	лъ́жете lǎ́žete	лъ́жат lǎ́žat
imperfect		лъ́жех lǎ́žeh	лъ́жеше lǎ́žeše	лъ́жеше lǎ́žeše	лъ́жехме lǎ́žehme	лъ́жехте lǎ́žehte	лъ́жеха lǎ́žeha
aorist		лъ́гах, лъга́х1 lǎ́gah, lǎgáh1	лъ́га, лъга́1 lǎ́ga, lǎgá1	лъ́га, лъга́1 lǎ́ga, lǎgá1	лъ́гахме, лъга́хме1 lǎ́gahme, lǎgáhme1	лъ́гахте, лъга́хте1 lǎ́gahte, lǎgáhte1	лъ́гаха, лъга́ха1 lǎ́gaha, lǎgáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and лъ́жел m, лъ́жела f, лъ́жело n, or лъ́жели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and лъ́жел m, лъ́жела f, лъ́жело n, or лъ́жели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and лъ́жел m, лъ́жела f, лъ́жело n, or лъ́жели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and лъ́гал/лъга́л1 m, лъ́гала/лъга́ла1 f, лъ́гало/лъга́ло1 n, or лъ́гали/лъга́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			лъжи́ lǎží			лъже́те lǎžéte

¹Dialectally marked.

References

• “лъжа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “лъжа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010