-len
See also: Appendix:Variations of "len"
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
Probably a compound suffix from el (“past, over”) + -en (adverb-forming suffix) meaning past a certain time, space or number.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-len
- (adverb-forming suffix, rare, archaic) Usually added to words ending in the terminative case suffix -ig (“until, till, up to”) and it means the inclusion of the mentioned boundary (not just up to the boundary).
Usage notes edit
- (adverb-forming suffix) Variants:
- -lan is added to back-vowel words
- -len is added to front-vowel words
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ -lan in Czuczor, Gergely and János Fogarasi: A magyar nyelv szótára (’A Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Pest: Emich Gusztáv Magyar Akadémiai Nyomdász, 1862–1874.
Middle English edit
Suffix edit
-len
- Alternative form of -elen
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Ottoman Turkish [Term?]. Analyzable as -le (“noun-to-verb maker”) + -n (“reflexive mood”).
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
| preceding vowel | |
|---|---|
| A / I / O / U | E / İ / Ö / Ü |
| -lan | -len |
-len
- Forms passive verb stems from nouns.
- sinir (“anger”) + -len → sinirlenmek (“to get angry”)
- endişe (“anxiety”) + -len → endişelenmek (“to get anxious”)