EnglishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English -elen, -len, -lien, from Old English -lian (frequentative verbal suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-lōną (frequentative verbal suffix).

Cognate with West Frisian -elje, Dutch -elen, German -eln, Danish -le, Swedish -la, Icelandic -la. Compare -er.

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. A frequentative suffix of verbs, indicating repetition or continuousness:
    assle, buzzle, crackle, cuddle, dazzle, draggle, drawl, dribble, drizzle, fumble, gamble, grapple, handle, jostle, kissle, maddle, mingle, nestle, nuzzle, prattle, ramble, rattle, ripple, scribble, sile, sizzle, smartle, sniffle, snuggle, startle, stopple, suckle, tattle, tickle, topple, waggle, whemmle, wiggle, wrestle,
TranslationsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle English -el (adjectival), -le, from Old English -el, -ol, from Proto-Germanic *-ulaz and *-ilaz (adjective suffixes). Cognate with West Frisian -el, Dutch -el, Low German -el, German -el.

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. A suffix forming adjectives from verbs with the meaning of "prone to", "tending to", "apt to", "capable of"; compare -ative:
    battle, breakle, brittle, fickle, forgettle, little, newfangle, nimble, wankle

Etymology 3Edit

From Middle English -el (agent suffix), from a combination of two suffixes:

Alternative formsEdit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. A suffix forming diminutives from other nouns.
    Coordinate term: -ling
    dump + ‎-le → ‎dimple
    dung + ‎-le → ‎dingle
    hatch + ‎-le → ‎hatchel
    hose + ‎-le → ‎hosel
    howf + ‎-le → ‎hovel
    gome + ‎-le → ‎gomeral
    corn + ‎-le → ‎kernel
    new + ‎-le → ‎newel
    nose + ‎-le → ‎nozzle
    puck + ‎-le → ‎puckle
    turd + ‎-le → ‎treddle
  2. A suffix forming agent nouns from verbs:
    beadle, beetle, bridle, bundle, cripple, fettle, girdle, ladle, losel, runnel, shovel, spindle, spittle, steeple, stile, stopple, thimble, tool, towel, trundle
Derived termsEdit

AnagramsEdit

BasqueEdit

Alternative formsEdit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. Forms agent noun from verbs.
    ikasi (study) + ‎-le → ‎ikasle (student)

Usage notesEdit

  • It is used with verbs ending in -i preceded by a sibilant or -r(r)-. If the sibilant is an affricate, it is reduced to a fricative.
    idatzi (write) + ‎-le → ‎idazle (writer)
    irakatsi (teach) + ‎-le → ‎irakasle (teacher)
    irakurri (read) + ‎-le → ‎irakurle (reader)
  • For other verbs the alternative form -tzaile is used.

Derived termsEdit

CimbrianEdit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. forms diminutives

Derived termsEdit

FinnishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

-l(a) +‎ -e

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /-leˣ/, [-le̞(ʔ)]

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. Forms diminutive nouns.
DeclensionEdit
Inflection of -le (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
nominative -le -leet
genitive -leen -leiden
-leitten
partitive -letta -leita
illative -leeseen -leisiin
-leihin
singular plural
nominative -le -leet
accusative nom. -le -leet
gen. -leen
genitive -leen -leiden
-leitten
partitive -letta -leita
inessive -leessa -leissa
elative -leesta -leista
illative -leeseen -leisiin
-leihin
adessive -leella -leilla
ablative -leelta -leilta
allative -leelle -leille
essive -leena -leina
translative -leeksi -leiksi
instructive -lein
abessive -leetta -leitta
comitative -leineen
Possessive forms of -le (type hame)
possessor singular plural
1st person -leeni -leemme
2nd person -leesi -leenne
3rd person -leensa
Inflection of -le (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
nominative -le -leet
genitive -leen -leiden
-leitten
partitive -lettä -leitä
illative -leeseen -leisiin
-leihin
singular plural
nominative -le -leet
accusative nom. -le -leet
gen. -leen
genitive -leen -leiden
-leitten
partitive -lettä -leitä
inessive -leessä -leissä
elative -leestä -leistä
illative -leeseen -leisiin
-leihin
adessive -leellä -leillä
ablative -leeltä -leiltä
allative -leelle -leille
essive -leenä -leinä
translative -leeksi -leiksi
instructive -lein
abessive -leettä -leittä
comitative -leineen
Possessive forms of -le (type hame)
possessor singular plural
1st person -leeni -leemme
2nd person -leesi -leenne
3rd person -leensä
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

See the main entry.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /-leˣ/, [-le̞(ʔ)]

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. (dialectal) Alternative form of -lle.
    • 1878, J. Krohn, Kertomuksia Suomen Historiasta, →ISBN:
      Keisarilainen sotawoima riensi kaupungile awuksi ja ankara tappelu syttyi sen likellä.
      The imperial military came in haste to aid the town, and violent combat erupted near it.
    • 1996, Rosa Liksom, Kreisland, →ISBN:
      Siinä nirppanokkanen kotifrouva istu kiitävässä avoautossa ja sano J. Edgar Hooverin näkselle miehele: »Tämä on unta.»
      There sat a stuck up housewife in a dashing convertible and said to a man that looked like J. Edgar Hoover: "This is a dream."

GermanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German -elīn, -līn, from Old High German -ilī, -ilīn.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [lə]
  • (file)

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. (chiefly dialectal) suffix used to create a diminutive form; e.g., HausHäusle

Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

IngrianEdit

PronunciationEdit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. Alternative form of -lee

ItalianEdit

PronounEdit

-le

  1. (enclitic) Alternative form of le
    dare (to give)darle (to give them; to give for her)
    vendere (to sell)venderle (to sell them; to sell to her)
    servire (to serve)servirle (to serve them; to serve to her)

Usage notesEdit

  • Appended to present active infinitive verb forms to derive accusative forms when the object is third plural feminine person and the dative form when the object is third singular feminine person. The final -e of the original infinitive is removed :
-are-arle
-ere-erle
-ire-irle

Where the verb ends in -rre, the final re is removed, leaving behind just an -r:

introdurre (to introduce)introdurle (to introduce them; to insert in her)

In any case, after the suffixation, there is only a single r and no vowels immediately before -le.

AnagramsEdit

LatinEdit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. vocative masculine singular of -lus

Middle EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. Alternative form of -el (adjectival suffix)

Etymology 2Edit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. Alternative form of -el (agentive suffix)

Etymology 3Edit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. Alternative form of -el (diminutive suffix)

Etymology 4Edit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. Alternative form of -ly (adjectival)

Etymology 5Edit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. Alternative form of -ly (adverbial)

MwanEdit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. nominalising suffix

RomanianEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Latin -ae (first-declension ending), with intrusive l.

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. (plural) -s (feminine/neuter)
Usage notesEdit
  • This form of the plural is indefinite, and used for feminine nouns in the nominative/accusative and genitive/dative cases which end in a stressed vowel, or is monosyllabic:
  • zile, from zi, fem.
  • basmale, from basma, fem.
  • cafele, from cafe, fem.
Alternative formsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Latin ille.

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. variant of -l: the (definite article)
Usage notesEdit

This form of the definite article is used for both masculine and neuter singular nouns in the nominative and accusative cases which end in -e:

Etymology 3Edit

From Latin illae, nominative feminine plural of ille.

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. (definite article) the (feminine/neuter plural, nominative and accusative)
Usage notesEdit

This form of the definite article is used for both feminine and neuter plural nouns in the nominative and accusative cases

Note that this suffix is also added to indefinite feminine plurals in -le:

The suffix is also used with feminine plural adjectives in the nominative and accusative cases to make the articulated definite form, often for emphasis, and it is used before the noun it modifies:

Related termsEdit
  • -l (masculine/neuter singular nominative and accusative)
  • -a (feminine singular nominative and accusative)
  • -i (masculine/neuter plural nominative and accusative)
  • -lui (masculine/neuter singular genitive and dative)
  • -ei (feminine singular genitive and dative)
  • -lor (plural genitive and dative)

ScotsEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English -el, -le, from Old English -el, -ol (adjective suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ulaz (adjective suffix).

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. used for forming adjectives signifying 'having a tendency to' or 'able to'; e.g. forgettle, smittle, fodgle

Etymology 2Edit

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. a contracted form of full; e.g. cairtle (cartful, cart-load), cogle (bowlful)

Etymology 3Edit

From Middle English -elen, -len, -lien, from Old English -lian (frequentative verbal suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-lōną (frequentative verbal suffix).

SuffixEdit

-le

  1. frequentative or diminutive suffix, added to verbs
  2. forms adverbs implying direction towards

SwabianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Compare Yiddish ־ל(-l).

SuffixEdit

-le n

  1. Used to form diminutives.

TurkishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronunciationEdit

SuffixEdit

preceding vowel
A / I / O / U E / İ / Ö / Ü
-la -le

-le

  1. Suffix appended to nouns to derive verbs with various meanings.
    alkış (applause) + ‎la → ‎alkışlamak (to applaude)
    temiz (clean) + ‎-le → ‎temizlemek (to clean)
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From ile.

PronunciationEdit

SuffixEdit

preceding vowel
A / I / O / U E / İ / Ö / Ü
postconsonantal -la -le
postvocalic -yla -yle

-le

  1. with, shortened form of ile
    annemle okula gidiyorum
    I am going to school with my mother
  2. by, shortened form of ile
    Okula otobüsle gidiyorum
    I am going to school by bus
Usage notesEdit
  • If it's added to a proper noun, it must be used with an apostrophe.
    Zafer'le - with Zafer.
    Emre'yle - with Emre.
  • Unlike most Turkish suffixes, this suffix is always unstressed; the stress in the combined word remains where it was in the word before suffixing.
Derived termsEdit