-n
See also: Appendix:Variations of "n"
Contents
EnglishEdit
SuffixEdit
-n
- Alternative form of -an, adjective suffix meaning "of or pertaining to", used with words which already end in a.
- Java : Javan, Burma : Burman, Minnesota : Minnesotan (see also Russia : Russian)
ChuukeseEdit
EsperantoEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Ancient Greek -ν (-n).
SuffixEdit
-n
- accusative ending
- ending indicating destination: In the direction of, and arriving at
FinnishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Finnic *-n, from Proto-Uralic *-n (“genitive suffix”).
SuffixEdit
-n
Usage notesEdit
- When possessive suffixes are used, the genitive doesn't have its suffix -n. The possessive suffixes are appended to a vowel stem instead, thus often rendering the nominative and genitive singular identical.
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Finnic *-n, from Proto-Uralic *-m (“accusative suffix”).
SuffixEdit
-n
- Used to form the accusative case.
Usage notesEdit
- The genitive singular and accusative singular look coincidentally identical in Finnish. The object of an transitive verb may look also like the nominative but it's still called the accusative in traditional grammars. There's also the partial object, which uses the partitive case. For the accusative forms of personal pronouns and the interrogative pronoun ken, see -t.
Etymology 3Edit
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
SuffixEdit
-n
- Used to form the instructive case, usually only in the plural.
- Pääsin ojan yli kuivin jaloin "I could cross the ditch with dry feet."
Usage notesEdit
- The only occasion where this suffix is used with a possessive suffix — without being to be translated — is the idiom käydä päinsä "to be acceptable" (the plural stem päi- of the noun pää and the suffix -nsä).
Etymology 4Edit
- From the Uralic first-person singular suffix *-mV, probably connected with the first person pronoun *mV; see eg. Finnish minä.
SuffixEdit
-n
- (personal) The first-person singular suffix for verbs:
See alsoEdit
External linksEdit
- Wikipedia article on Finnish grammar
HungarianEdit
SuffixEdit
-n
- (adverbial suffix) Added to an adjective to form an adverb.
- (case suffix) on. Used to form the superessive case.
Usage notesEdit
- (adverbial suffix) Harmonic variants:
Case suffix list
| Case | Back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú |
Front vowel | |
|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded e, é, i, í |
rounded ö, ő, ü, ű |
||
| nominative | — | ||
| accusative | -t | ||
| -ot / -at | -et | -öt | |
| dative | -nak | -nek | |
| instrumental | -val | -vel | |
| causal-final | -ért | ||
| translative | -vá | -vé | |
| terminative | -ig | ||
| essive-formal | -ként | ||
| essive-modal | -ul | -ül | |
| inessive | -ban | -ben | |
| superessive | -n | ||
| -on | -en | -ön | |
| adessive | -nál | -nél | |
| illative | -ba | -be | |
| sublative | -ra | -re | |
| allative | -hoz | -hez | -höz |
| elative | -ból | -ből | |
| delative | -ról | -ről | |
| ablative | -tól | -től | |
| Note for all endings: Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except -ként. alma - almában, but almaként zene - zenében, but zeneként |
|||
- (case suffix) Harmonic variants:
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
- Category:Hungarian words taking -n/-on/-en/-ön
- Category:Hungarian noun forms
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
IdoEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Esperanto -n, from German -en, Greek -ν (-n).
SuffixEdit
-n
- suffix forming accusative
Usage notesEdit
The accusative ending in Ido is only required if the speaker breaks the subject–verb–object word order in Ido, one can not use the accusative ending if the word order is followed. E.g.
- La hundo chasas la skurelo. ― The dog chases the squirrel.
- La skurelon chasas la hundo. ― The dog chases the squirrel.
Northern SamiEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Samic *-mē, from Proto-Uralic *-ma. Cognate with Finnish -ma.
SuffixEdit
-n (with odd-syllable stems -eapmi)
- Forms verbal nouns from verbs.
Usage notesEdit
This suffix triggers the strong grade on a preceding stressed syllable.
InflectionEdit
| Odd, no gradation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -n | |
| Genitive | -ma | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | -n | -mat |
| Accusative | -ma | -miid |
| Genitive | -ma | -miid |
| Illative | -mii | -miidda |
| Locative | -mis | -miin |
| Comitative | -miin | -miiguin |
| Essive | -min | |
| Possessive forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| 1st person | -man | -meame | -meamet |
| 2nd person | -mat | -meatte | -meattet |
| 3rd person | -mis | -measkka | -measet |
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Samic *-një.
SuffixEdit
-n
- Forms instrument nouns from verbs.
Usage notesEdit
This suffix triggers the weak grade on a preceding stressed syllable.
InflectionEdit
| Odd, no gradation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | -n | |
| Genitive | -na | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | -n | -nat |
| Accusative | -na | -niid |
| Genitive | -na | -niid |
| Illative | -nii | -niidda |
| Locative | -nis | -niin |
| Comitative | -niin | -niiguin |
| Essive | -nin | |
| Possessive forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| 1st person | -nan | -neame | -neamet |
| 2nd person | -nat | -neatte | -neattet |
| 3rd person | -nis | -neaskka | -neaset |
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
From Proto-Samic *-nē, from Proto-Uralic *-na. Cognate with Finnish -na.
SuffixEdit
-n
- The ending of the essive case.
Usage notesEdit
This suffix triggers the strong grade on a preceding stressed syllable.
Etymology 4Edit
From Proto-Samic *-më. Cognate with the first element of the Finnish fourth infinitive -mi-nen ~ -mi-se-.
SuffixEdit
-n
- The ending of the past participle.
Usage notesEdit
This suffix triggers the strong grade on a preceding stressed syllable.
PitjantjatjaraEdit
PronounEdit
-n (second person singular nominative, bound form of nyuntu)
- you (singular)
Usage notesEdit
Bound pronouns can be used instead of the regular "long form" pronouns. They act as clitics that attach to the last word of the first noun phrase in the sentence, or the conjunctions ka or munu if present.
Related termsEdit
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| First person | ngayulu (I) Bound form: -ṉa |
ngali (we two) Bound form: -li |
nganaṉa (we, more than two) Bound form: -la |
| Second person | nyuntu (you) Bound form: -n |
nyupali (you two) | nyura (you, more than two) |
| Third person | paluṟu (he/she/it) | pula (they two) | tjana (they, more than two) Bound form: -ya |
QuechuaEdit
SuffixEdit
-n
- Indicates third-person singular possessive.
- Third-person singular subject.
- Alternative spelling of -m
See alsoEdit
SomaliEdit
SwedishEdit
SuffixEdit
-n
- Suffix for singular definite form of common nouns, especially those ending with a vowel or with an unstressed -el, -er or -or. See also -en
- Suffix for plural indefinite form of neuter nouns, if they end in a vowel. See also -t, -en.
- A version of the -en of the fourth conjugation past participles. This allomorph is used only before the suffix -a, which marks for plural or definiteness. The -na of these participle forms may also be seen described as one morpheme.
- Suffix which creates nouns out of certain verbs, usually denoting a result of an action. See also -an
ZazakiEdit
SuffixEdit
-n
- Suffix which creates nouns out of certain verbs, usually denoting a result of an action. See also -an