Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gaberaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *ga- +‎ *beraną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɣɑ.ˈbe.rɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*gaberaną

to bear; beget; give birth
to bring forth; produce

Inflection

Conjugation of *gaberaną (strong class 4)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*gaberō	*gaberaų	—	*gaberai	?
2nd singular	*gabirizi	*gaberaiz	*gaber	*gaberazai	*gaberaizau
3rd singular	*gabiridi	*gaberai	*gaberadau	*gaberadai	*gaberaidau
1st dual	*gaberōz	*gaberaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*gaberadiz	*gaberaidiz	*gaberadiz	—	—
1st plural	*gaberamaz	*gaberaim	—	*gaberandai	*gaberaindau
2nd plural	*gabirid	*gaberaid	*gabirid	*gaberandai	*gaberaindau
3rd plural	*gaberandi	*gaberain	*gaberandau	*gaberandai	*gaberaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*gabar	*gabērį̄
2nd singular	*gabart	*gabērīz
3rd singular	*gabar	*gabērī
1st dual	*gabērū	*gabērīw
2nd dual	*gabērudiz	*gabērīdiz
1st plural	*gabērum	*gabērīm
2nd plural	*gabērud	*gabērīd
3rd plural	*gabērun	*gabērīn

	present	past
participles	*gaberandz	*gaburanaz

Derived terms

*gaburþiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *gaberan
- Old English: ġeberan
  - Middle English: ȝeberen, iberen
    - (Scots: bere, beir)
    - (English: bear)
- Old Saxon: giberan
  - Middle Low German: gebēren
    - → North Frisian: gebeure
    - → Saterland Frisian: gebääre
- Old High German: giberan
  - Middle High German: gebërn
    - German: gebären
    - Luxembourgish: gebären
Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (gabairan)