Reconstruction:Latin/tiro

This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Latin

Etymology

Contested. Only attested in the Romance languages. Corominas viewed this word as “one of the obscurest matters in neo-Latin etymology, so much so as to be considered insoluble”.

• Possibly ultimately from Proto-Germanic *tir-, *teraną (“to tear, tear away, rip or snatch off, pull violently, tug”).
• Possibly a reduction of Latin *martyrāre, from Ancient Greek μάρτυς (mártus).
• Possibly from a Greek verb transcribed as τείρω (teírō, “to wear out, rub”).
• Possibly from Latin *trare (“drag”), in turn from Latin trahere; or from the latter directly.
• Possibly from an Old Persian form ‘*tīr’ meaning ‘an arrow’; see modern Persian تیر. This is very unlikely.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtiro/

Verb

*tīrō (present infinitive *tīrāre, perfect active *tīrāvī, supine *tīrātum); first conjugation (Proto-Italo-Western-Romance)

1. to pull, draw, kick, bend
2. to throw, shoot, drag, toss, roll

Descendants

• Asturian: tirar
• Friulian: tirâ
• Italian: tirare
• Old French: tirer
  • Middle French: tirer
    • French: tirer
  • → Middle English: tiren
  • ⇒ Old French: retirer
    • Middle French: retirer
      • French: retirer
    • → Middle English: retiren
      • English: retire
• Old Galician-Portuguese: tirar
  • Galician: tirar
  • Portuguese: tirar
• Old Occitan:
  • Catalan: tirar
  • Occitan: tirar
• Old Spanish: tirar
  • Spanish: tirar
• Sicilian: tirari
• Venetian: tirar