Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kʷast-

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s- (“to cough”) suffixed with either *-tós or *-tus.

Noun

*kʷast- m^[1]^[2]^[3]

cough

Alternative reconstructions

*kʷasos^[4]

Reconstruction notes

It is impossible to tell whether this word was an o-stem or a u-stem; Brittonic is useless for this purpose due to the sheer productivity of their plural endings, and this term only exists in derived suffixed terms in Goidelic.

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *pas
- Middle Breton: pas
  - Breton: paz
- Cornish: pas
- Middle Welsh: pas
  - Welsh: pas
Goidelic:
- ⇒ Classical Gaelic: casachtach
- ⇒ Irish: casacht
- ⇒ Scottish Gaelic: casachd
- ⇒ Scottish Gaelic: casad

References

^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 408
^ Irslinger, Britta Sofie (2002) “Air. gus 1.”, in Abstrakta mit Dentalsuffixen im Altirischen [Abstracts with Dental Suffixes in Old Irish] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter, →ISBN, page 107
^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “pas”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kʷas”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 175

[1] Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 408

[2] Irslinger, Britta Sofie (2002) “Air. gus 1.”, in Abstrakta mit Dentalsuffixen im Altirischen [Abstracts with Dental Suffixes in Old Irish] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter, →ISBN, page 107

[3] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “pas”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[4] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kʷas”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 175

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