Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/barną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-. Cognate with Latvian bērns (“child”), Lithuanian bérnas (“lad, servant”), berniukas (“boy”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɑr.nɑ̃/

Noun

*barną n

1. child

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *barną (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*barną	*barnō
vocative	*barną	*barnō
accusative	*barną	*barnō
genitive	*barnas, *barnis	*barnǫ̂
dative	*barnai	*barnamaz
instrumental	*barnō	*barnamiz

Related terms

• *beraną
• *bēriz
• *burdiz, *burþiz
• *burjaną
• *burjô

Derived terms

• *barnalausaz
• *barniskaz
• *steupabarną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *barn
  • Old English: bearn, bern
    • Middle English: barn, bern, bearn, bærn, barne, berne, baren
      • English: barn (obsolete, dialectal)
      • Geordie English: bairn
      • Scots: bairn
        • → English: bairn
      • Yola: barrn
  • Old Frisian: barn, bern
    • North Frisian: bjarn
    • Saterland Frisian: Bäiden, Bidden (Strukelje)
    • West Frisian: barn, bern
  • Old Saxon: barn
  • Old Dutch: *barn
    • Middle Dutch: baren
  • Old High German: barn, parn
    • Middle High German: barn
• Old Norse: barn
  • Icelandic: barn
  • Faroese: barn
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: badn, barn, bonn, bån
  • Norwegian Bokmål: barn
  • Jamtish: bǫ́rn
  • Old Swedish: barn
    • Swedish: barn
  • Old Danish: barn
    • Danish: barn
  • Gutnish: ban
• Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽 (barn)
• Crimean Gothic: baar
• → Proto-Samic: *pārnē (see there for further descendants)