Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/helmô
Proto-Germanic
editEtymology
editUsually thought to be from Proto-Indo-European *ḱél-mō, earlier *ḱél-mn̥, from the root *ḱel- (“to cover”); equivalent to *helaną + *-mô. Cognate with Sanskrit शर्मन् (śárman, “shelter, protection”).[1] However, the semantic connection is weak.
An alternative theory by Kroonen links *halmaz and *helmaz (“haulm, straw, stalk, cane”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱélh₂-m(on)-, assuming the original meaning of *helmô was closer to “cane” and referred just to the shaft of a handle implement.[2][3]
Note the presence of *(s)- in the related synonyms.
Noun
editInflection
editmasculine an-stemDeclension of *helmô (masculine an-stem) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | *helmô | *helmaniz | |
vocative | *helmô | *helmaniz | |
accusative | *helmanų | *helmanunz | |
genitive | *hilminiz | *helmanǫ̂ | |
dative | *hilmini | *helmammaz | |
instrumental | *hilminē | *helmammiz |
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- Proto-West Germanic: *helmō
- ⇒ Old Norse: hjalmvǫlr, hjalmurvǫlr, hjalmarvǫlr, hjalmunvǫlr
References
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Orel, Vladimir (2003) “xelmaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 168
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*halma-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 204–205: “*helma-”
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2011) “*helm, *hulmaz”, in The Proto-Germanic n-stems: A study in diachronic morphophonology, Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 162–163
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*helman-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 219
Categories:
- Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱel- (cover)
- Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-mô
- Proto-Germanic lemmas
- Proto-Germanic nouns
- Proto-Germanic masculine nouns
- gem-pro:Watercraft
- gem-pro:Tools
- Proto-Germanic an-stem nouns