Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwistlōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *hwis- (“to hiss”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweys-, *ḱwey- (“to hiss, whistle, whisper”). Cognate with Latin quiritō (“scream, screech, shriek, squall”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxʷist.lɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hwistlōną

to whistle, hiss

Inflection

Conjugation of *hwistlōną (weak class 2)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*hwistlō	*hwistlǭ	—	*hwistlōi	?
2nd singular	*hwistlōsi	*hwistlōs	*hwistlō	*hwistlōsai	*hwistlōsau
3rd singular	*hwistlōþi	*hwistlō	*hwistlōþau	*hwistlōþai	*hwistlōþau
1st dual	*hwistlōs	*hwistlōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hwistlōþiz	*hwistlōþiz	*hwistlōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hwistlōmaz	*hwistlōm	—	*hwistlōnþai	*hwistlōnþau
2nd plural	*hwistlōþ	*hwistlōþ	*hwistlōþ	*hwistlōnþai	*hwistlōnþau
3rd plural	*hwistlōnþi	*hwistlōn	*hwistlōnþau	*hwistlōnþai	*hwistlōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hwistlōdǭ	*hwistlōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*hwistlōdēz	*hwistlōdēdīz
3rd singular	*hwistlōdē	*hwistlōdēdī
1st dual	*hwistlōdēdū	*hwistlōdēdīw
2nd dual	*hwistlōdēdudiz	*hwistlōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*hwistlōdēdum	*hwistlōdēdīm
2nd plural	*hwistlōdēdud	*hwistlōdēdīd
3rd plural	*hwistlōdēdun	*hwistlōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*hwistlōndz	*hwistlōdaz

Related terms

Descendants

Old English: hwistlian
- Middle English: whistlen
  - Scots: whistle
  - English: whistle
Old Dutch: *wistalon
- Middle Dutch: *wistelen
  - Dutch: wistelen
Old Norse: hvísla
- Icelandic: hvísla
- Norwegian: hvisle
- Old Swedish: hvīsla, hvizsla
  - Swedish: vissla
- Old Danish: hwīslæ
  - Danish: hvisle
- Elfdalian: wissla
- Scanian: hvysla