Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kwīnaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyH- (“to dwindle”) or possibly, Proto-Indo-European *dʰgʷʰey- (“to decline, perish”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkwiː.nɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kwīnaną

1. to wither, to dwindle

Inflection

Conjugation of *kwīnaną (strong class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kwīnō	*kwīnaų	—	*kwīnai	?
2nd singular	*kwīnizi	*kwīnaiz	*kwīn	*kwīnazai	*kwīnaizau
3rd singular	*kwīnidi	*kwīnai	*kwīnadau	*kwīnadai	*kwīnaidau
1st dual	*kwīnōz	*kwīnaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*kwīnadiz	*kwīnaidiz	*kwīnadiz	—	—
1st plural	*kwīnamaz	*kwīnaim	—	*kwīnandai	*kwīnaindau
2nd plural	*kwīnid	*kwīnaid	*kwīnid	*kwīnandai	*kwīnaindau
3rd plural	*kwīnandi	*kwīnain	*kwīnandau	*kwīnandai	*kwīnaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kwain	*kwinį̄
2nd singular	*kwaint	*kwinīz
3rd singular	*kwain	*kwinī
1st dual	*kwinū	*kwinīw
2nd dual	*kwinudiz	*kwinīdiz
1st plural	*kwinum	*kwinīm
2nd plural	*kwinud	*kwinīd
3rd plural	*kwinun	*kwinīn
	present	past
participles	*kwīnandz	*kwinanaz

Related terms

• *kwinkaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *kwīnan
  • Old English: *cwīnan
    • ⇒ Old English: ācwīnan
  • Old Frisian: *quīna
    • ⇒ Saterland Frisian: kwienje (alternatively borrowed from Low German)
    • ⇒ West Frisian: kwine, kwynje (alternatively borrowed from Dutch)
  • Old Saxon: *quīnan
    • Middle Low German: quînen
      • German Low German: quienen
  • Old Dutch: quīnan
    • Middle Dutch: quinen
      • Dutch: kwijnen
  • Old High German: *quīnan
    • Middle High German: *quīnen
      • ⇒ Middle High German: verquīnen