Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/līstǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *leyzd- (“edge; seam; band”), from Proto-Indo-European *leys- (“track; groove; furrow”) (see also *laistaz); or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *leytstā-, related to Latin lītus (“shore; coast”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈliːs.tɔ̃ː/

Noun

*līstǭ f

1. strip; band; hem; selvage; list
2. edge
3. ledge
4. border; rim

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *līstǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*līstǭ	*līstōniz
vocative	*līstǭ	*līstōniz
accusative	*līstōnų	*līstōnunz
genitive	*līstōniz	*līstōnǫ̂
dative	*līstōni	*līstōmaz
instrumental	*līstōnē	*līstōmiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *līstā
  • Old English: līste
    • Middle English: liste, lyste; list (through confluence with Old French form)
      • Scots: liste, lyst, list
      • English: list
        • → Irish: liosta
  • Old Frisian: *līste, *lēste
    • Saterland Frisian: Lieste; Läiste
    • West Frisian: list
  • Old Saxon: *līsta
    • Middle Low German: lîste
      • Dutch Low Saxon: lieste, liest
      • German Low German: Liest
      • → Old Norse: lísta
        • Icelandic: lista; listi
        • Faroese: listi
        • Norwegian: liste
        • Swedish: lista; list
        • Danish: liste; list
  • Frankish: *līsta
    • Old Dutch: *līsta
      • Middle Dutch: lijste, lijst
        • Dutch: lijst (“frame”)
    • → Vulgar Latin: *lista (also possibly from Langobardic)
      • Old French: liste
        • Middle French: liste
          • French: liste
      • Italian: lista
        • → Dutch: lijst (“list”) (likely in part through French)
        • → German: Liste
          • → Luxembourgish: Lëscht
      • Spanish: lista
      • Portuguese: lista
      • Galician: lista
  • Old High German: līsta
    • Middle High German: līste
      • German: Leiste
      • Hunsrik: Leist
      • Luxembourgish: Läischt