Wiktionary

hem

See also: Hem, hẻm, 'hem, and hem-

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

A sound uttered in imitation of clearing the throat (onomatopoeia)

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

hem

  1. Used to fill in the gap of a pause with a vocalized sound.

NounEdit

hem (plural hems)

  1. An utterance or sound of the voice like "hem", often indicative of hesitation or doubt, sometimes used to call attention.
    • January 8, 1712', John Dryden, The Spectator No. 269
      his morning hems

VerbEdit

hem (third-person singular simple present hems, present participle hemming, simple past and past participle hemmed)

  1. To make the sound expressed by the word hem; to hesitate in speaking.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit

See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle English hem, hemm, in turn from Old English hemm, of West Germanic origin, from Proto-West Germanic *hammjan. Related to Middle High German hemmen (“to hem in”), Old Norse hemja (“to hem in, restrain”); outside of Germanic, to Armenian քամել (kʿamel, “to press, wring”), Russian ком (kom, “lump”).

The verb is from Middle English hemmen, from Old English hemman, from Proto-Germanic *hamjaną, or alternatively derived from the noun.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

 
A stitched hem
 
Drawing of a sheet metal hem

hem (plural hems)

  2. (sewing) The border of an article of clothing doubled back and stitched together to finish the edge and prevent it from fraying.
  3. A rim or margin of something.
  4. In sheet metal design, a rim or edge folded back on itself to create a smooth edge and to increase strength or rigidity.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit

VerbEdit

hem (third-person singular simple present hems, present participle hemming, simple past and past participle hemmed)

  2. (sewing, intransitive) To make a hem.
  3. (transitive) To put hem on an article of clothing, to edge or put a border on something.
  4. (transitive) To shut in, enclose, confine; to surround something or someone in a confining way.
    A small yard hemmed about by a tall hedge.
    • 1862, John Williamson Palmer, Stonewall Jackson's Way :
      He’s in the saddle now. Fall in! Steady, the whole brigade! Hill’s at the ford, cut off — we’ll win his way out, ball and blade! What matter if our shoes are worn? What matter if our feet are torn? “Quick step! We’re with him before the morn!” That’s “Stonewall Jackson’s Way.”
      The sun’s bright lances rout the mists of morning, and by George! Here’s Longstreet struggling in the lists, hemmed in an ugly gorge. Pope and his Yankees, whipped before, “Bay’nets and grape!” hear Stonewall roar; “Charge, Stuart! Pay off Ashby’s score!” in “Stonewall Jackson’s Way.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
to put hem on an article of clothing

Etymology 3Edit

From Middle English hem, from Old English heom (“them”, dative), originally a dative plural form but in Middle English coming to serve as an accusative plural as well. More at 'em.

PronounEdit

hem

  1. Obsolete form of 'em.
    • 1481, William Caxton, The Historie of Reynart the Foxe
      And wente to the kinge and to the queene, and said to hem with a glad cheer.
    • 1485, William Caxton, Paris and Vienne
      For eyther of hem mayntened.
    • 1591, John Florio, Second Frutes to be gathered of twelve trees, of diverse but delightful tastes to the tongues of Italian and English
      ‘What thinke you of this English, tel me I pray you.’ ‘It is a language that wyl do you good in England but passe Dover, it is woorth nothing.’ ‘Is it not used then in other countreyes?’ ‘No sir, with whom wyl you that they speake?’ ‘With English marchants.’ ‘English marchantes, when they are out of England, it liketh hem not, and they doo not speake it.
    • 1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], “May. Aegloga Quinta.”, in The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Hugh Singleton, […], →OCLC; republished as The Shepheardes Calender […], London: […] Iohn Wolfe for Iohn Harrison the yonger, […], 1586, →OCLC:
      Tho to the greene wood they speeden hem all.
    • 1598, Benjamin Jonson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “Euery Man in His Humour. A Comœdie. […]”, in The Workes of Ben Jonson (First Folio), London: […] Will[iam] Stansby, published 1616, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
      Except we make hem such.
    • 1605 August (first performance), Geo[rge] Chapman; Ben Ionson; Ioh[n] Marston, Eastvvard Hoe. […], London: […] [George Eld] for William Aspley, published September 1605, →OCLC, (please specify the page):
      They go forth on Holydays and gather hem by the seashore.

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

BislamaEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English him. Cognate with Tok Pisin em.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈhem/
  • Hyphenation: hem

PronounEdit

hem

  1. he, she, it; him, her

See alsoEdit

Bislama personal pronouns
singular dual trial plural
1st person exclusive mi mitufala mitrifala mifala
inclusive — yumitu, yumitufala yumitrifala yumi
2nd person yu yutufala yutrifala yufala
3rd person neutral hem, em tufala trifala ol1), olgeta
collective — tugeta trigeta —
1) Used only as an object of a preposition or a verb.
*) Some speakers may not distinguish various plurality categories, using only one or two plural pronouns.
**) The collective pronouns specify that the action is performed by all subjects together, rather than on their own.

ReferencesEdit

  • Terry Crowley (2004) Bislama Reference Grammar, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi press, →ISBN, page 46

CatalanEdit

VerbEdit

hem

  1. first-person plural present indicative form of haver

DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Dutch hem, from Old Dutch himo, from Proto-Germanic *himmai.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

hem

  1. (personal) Third-person singular, masculine, objective: him.
    Stuur dat maar naar hem.
    Send that to him.
  2. (personal) The tagger in a game of tag: it.

InflectionEdit

Dutch personal pronouns
subject object possessive reflexive genitive5
singular full unstr. full unstr. full unstr. pred.
1st person ik 'k1 mij me mijn m'n1 mijne me mijner, mijns
2nd person jij je jou je jouw je jouwe je jouwer, jouws
2nd person archaic or regiolectal gij ge u – uw – uwe u uwer, uws
2nd person formal u – u – uw – uwe zich uwer, uws
3rd person masculine hij ie1 hem 'm1 zijn z'n1 zijne zich zijner, zijns
3rd person feminine zij ze haar h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 haar h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 hare zich harer, haars
3rd person neuter het 't1 het 't1 zijn z'n1 zijne zich zijner, zijns
plural
1st person wij we ons – ons, onze2 – onze ons onzer, onzes
2nd person jullie je jullie je jullie je – je –
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 gij ge u – uw – uwe u uwer, uws
2nd person formal u – u – uw – uwe zich uwer, uws
3rd person zij ze hen3, hun4 ze hun – hunne zich hunner, huns
1) Not as common in written language.
2) Inflected as an adjective.
3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative).
4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). 		5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions.
6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural.


DescendantsEdit

  • Javindo: gem
  • Jersey Dutch: häm
  • Negerhollands: em, am, an, ham, him, hem
    • → Virgin Islands Creole: ahm, am

FrenchEdit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

hem

  1. interjection expressing doubt and/or hesitation

Further readingEdit

HungarianEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

hem (plural hemek)

  1. (biochemistry) heme (component of hemoglobin)

DeclensionEdit

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative hem hemek
accusative hemet hemeket
dative hemnek hemeknek
instrumental hemmel hemekkel
causal-final hemért hemekért
translative hemmé hemekké
terminative hemig hemekig
essive-formal hemként hemekként
essive-modal — —
inessive hemben hemekben
superessive hemen hemeken
adessive hemnél hemeknél
illative hembe hemekbe
sublative hemre hemekre
allative hemhez hemekhez
elative hemből hemekből
delative hemről hemekről
ablative hemtől hemektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		hemé hemeké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		heméi hemekéi
Possessive forms of hem
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. hemem hemjeim
2nd person sing. hemed hemjeid
3rd person sing. hemje hemjei
1st person plural hemünk hemjeink
2nd person plural hemetek hemjeitek
3rd person plural hemjük hemjeik

Derived termsEdit

IcelandicEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse hem, related to eimr (“vapor”).[1]

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

hem n (genitive singular hems, nominative plural hem)

  1. thin layer of ice
    Synonym: skæni

DeclensionEdit

declension of hem
n-s singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative hem hemið hem hemin
accusative hem hemið hem hemin
dative hemi heminu hemum hemunum
genitive hems hemsins hema hemanna

VerbEdit

hem (weak)

  1. first-person singular present indicative of hemja
  2. second-person singular imperative of hemja

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Ferguson, R. (1873). The Dialect of Cumberland. United Kingdom: Williams and Norgate, p. 69

IndonesianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Dutch hemd, from Middle Dutch hemde, hemede, from Old Dutch *hemithi, from Proto-Germanic *hamiþiją.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈhɛm]
  • Hyphenation: hèm

NounEdit

hèm (first-person possessive hemku, second-person possessive hemmu, third-person possessive hemnya)

  1. shirt, an article of clothing that is worn on the upper part of the body, and often has sleeves, either long or short, that cover the arms.
    Synonym: kemeja

Etymology 2Edit

From English heme.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈhɛm]
  • Hyphenation: hèm

NounEdit

hèm (first-person possessive hemku, second-person possessive hemmu, third-person possessive hemnya)

  1. (biochemistry) The component of hemoglobin (and other hemoproteins) responsible for binding oxygen; heme.

Etymology 3Edit

A sound uttered in imitation of clearing the throat (onomatopoeia).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈhəm]
  • Hyphenation: hêm

InterjectionEdit

hêm

  1. Used to express furious, etc.

Further readingEdit

LatinEdit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

hem

  1. eh?, well well! (expressing surprise)

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • “hem”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “hem”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Middle DutchEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Dutch himo, from Proto-Germanic *himmai.

PronounEdit

hem

  1. accusative/dative of hi
  2. dative of het

Etymology 2Edit

From Old Dutch hin, from Proto-Germanic *himaz.

PronounEdit

hem

  1. accusative/dative of si (“they”)

Middle EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old English heom, from Proto-Germanic *himaz, masculine and neuter dative plural of *hiz. Compare þem.

PronounEdit

hem (nominative he)

  2. Third-person plural accusative pronoun: them
    • 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue: 9–11.
      And smale foweles maken melodye, / That slepen al the nyght with open eye- / (So priketh hem Nature in hir corages);
      And many little birds make melody / That sleep through all the night with open eye / (So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage)
    • 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41
      And with alle these men I was ofte homli and I comownede with hem long tyme and fele, and so bifore alle othir men I chees wilfulli to be enformed bi hem and of hem, and speciali of Wiclef himsilf, as of the moost vertuous and goodlich wise man that I herde of owhere either knew.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
    • c. 1539, Murdoch Nisbet, The New Testament
      He prayis hem to lyue releg[ious] lyff[is] and to luk waraly for the cummyng of the lord.
  3. (reflexive) themselves
Alternative formsEdit
DescendantsEdit
See alsoEdit
Middle English personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative genitive possessive
singular 1st-person I, ich, ik me min
mi1		 min
2nd-person þou þe þin
þi1		 þin
3rd-person m he him
hine2		 him his his
hisen
f sche, heo hire
heo 		hire hire
hires, hiren
n hit hit
him2		 his, hit —
dual3 1st-person wit unk unker
2nd-person ȝit inc inker
plural 1st-person we us, ous oure oure
oures, ouren
2nd-person4 ye yow your your
youres, youren
3rd-person inh. he hem
he2		 hem here here
heres, heren
bor. þei þem, þeim þeir þeir
þeires, þeiren

1Used preconsonantally or before h.
2Early or dialectal.
3Dual pronouns are only sporadically found in Early Middle English; after that, they are replaced by plural forms. There are no third-person dual forms in Middle English.
4Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

ReferencesEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Old English hemm. See English hem for more.

NounEdit

hem

  1. hem (edge of cloth or garment)
  2. edge, boundary
Alternative formsEdit
DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

Etymology 3Edit

PronounEdit

hem

  1. Alternative form of him (“him”)

Northern KurdishEdit

ConjunctionEdit

hem

  1. and

See alsoEdit

Norwegian BokmålEdit

VerbEdit

hem

  1. imperative of hemme

Old DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-West Germanic *haim, from Proto-Germanic *haimaz.

NounEdit

hēm ?

  1. home, house
  2. hamlet

InflectionEdit

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

DescendantsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • “hēm”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old FrisianEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈheːm/, [ˈhɛːm]

NounEdit

hēm m

  1. Alternative form of hām

ReferencesEdit

  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 28

PijinEdit

This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. This language is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English him.

PronounEdit

hem

  1. he/she/it (third-person singular pronoun)
    • 1988, Geoffrey Miles White, Bikfala faet: olketa Solomon Aelanda rimembarem Wol Wo Tu‎[1], page 75:
      Bihaen hemi finisim skul blong hem, hemi go minista long sios long ples blong hem long 'Areo.
      (please add an English translation of this quote)

See alsoEdit

Pijin personal pronouns
singular dual trial plural
1st person mi mitufala (exclusive)
iumitufala (inclusive) 		mitrifala (exclusive)
iumitrifala (inclusive) 		mifala (exclusive)
iumifala, iumi (inclusive)
2nd person iu iutufala iutrifala iufala
3rd person hem tufala trifala ol/olketa

PortugueseEdit

PronunciationEdit

InterjectionEdit

hem

  1. Alternative form of hein

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From French hème.

NounEdit

hem n (plural hemuri)

  1. heme

DeclensionEdit

Declension of hem
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) hem hemul (niște) hemuri hemurile
genitive/dative (unui) hem hemului (unor) hemuri hemurilor
vocative hemule hemurilor

SwedishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse heim < heimr, from Proto-Germanic *haimaz.

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

hem (not comparable)

  1. home; to one's home
    Det är dags att gå hem.
    It is time to go home.

NounEdit

hem n

  1. a home; one's dwelling place, as in a house or a more general geographical place; the abiding place of the affections.
  2. a home; an institution

DeclensionEdit

Declension of hem 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative hem hemmet hem hemmen
Genitive hems hemmets hems hemmens

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

TurkishEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowing from Persian هم‎ (ham).

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

hem

  1. and also

ConjunctionEdit

hem … hem …

  1. both … and
    Synonym: hem … hem de …
    Hem bu hem şu. ― Both this one and that one.
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