border
English edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Middle English bordure, from Old French bordeure, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *bord, equivalent to modern French bord (“a border”) + -er.
Akin to Middle High German borte (“border, trim”), German Borte (“ribbon, trimming”). Doublet of bordure. More at board.
Pronunciation edit
- (with the horse-hoarse merger)
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈbɔədə/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈbɔːdə/
Audio (UK) (file) - (General American) IPA(key): /ˈboɹdɚ/, [ˈbo̞ɹdɚ]
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)də(ɹ)
- Homophone: boarder (with the horse-hoarse merger)
Noun edit
border (countable and uncountable, plural borders)
- The line or frontier area separating political or geographical regions.
- The border between Canada and USA is the longest in the world.
- 1950 January, “Crossing the Border”, in Railway Magazine, page 2:
- The identification of the border between England and Scotland always has been a source of interest to railway travellers. For many years, however, the exact points north of Berwick and Carlisle at which the Anglo-Scottish main lines passed from one country to the other were not defined, but the erection of clear and unmistakable lineside signs has put the matter beyond all doubt.
- 2013, Nicholas Watt and Nick Hopkins, Afghanistan bomb: UK to 'look carefully' at use of vehicles(in The Guardian, 1 May 2013)
- The Ministry of Defence said on Wednesday the men had been killed on Tuesday in the Nahr-e Saraj district of Helmand province, on the border of Kandahar just north of the provincial capital Lashkar Gah.
- 23 June 2018, Mattha Busb, The Independent, Jogger crosses US-Canada border by mistake, is held for two weeks in detention centre
- A French tourist who accidentally crossed the border into the US from Canada during an evening jog was sent to a detention centre 125 miles away and held for two weeks until she was released.
- The outer edge of something.
- the borders of the garden
- 1843, Jeremy Bentham, Principles of Morals and Legislation, Fragment on Government, Civil Code, Penal Law:
- upon the borders of these solitudes
- a. 1678 (date written), Isaac Barrow, “(please specify the chapter name or sermon number). The Danger and Mischief of Delaying Reptentance”, in The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: A[braham] J[ohn] Valpy, […], published 1830–1831, →OCLC:
- in the borders of death
- A decorative strip around the edge of something.
- There's a nice frilly border around the picture frame.
- a solid border around a table of figures
- A strip of ground in which ornamental plants are grown.
- (British, uncountable) border morris or border dancing; a vigorous style of traditional English dance originating from villages along the border between England and Wales, performed by a team of dancers usually with their faces disguised with black makeup.
- (computing) A string that is both a prefix and a suffix of another particular string.
Derived terms edit
- border ballad
- border blaster
- Border City
- border collie
- border control
- border fancy
- border gore
- border guard
- border jumper
- borderland
- Border Leicester
- borderline
- borderlinking
- border post
- border reiver
- borderspace
- borderspacing
- border state
- border stone
- Bordertown
- brush border
- cross border
- cross-border
- cross-border ticket
- e-border
- language border
- north of the border
- vermilion border
Translations edit
the line or frontier area separating various territories
|
the outer edge of something
|
a decorative strip around the edge of something
|
a strip of ground in which ornamental plants are grown
Verb edit
border (third-person singular simple present borders, present participle bordering, simple past and past participle bordered)
- (transitive) To put a border on something.
- (transitive) To form a border around; to bound.
- (transitive) To lie on, or adjacent to, a border of.
- Denmark borders Germany to the south.
- (intransitive) To touch at a border (with on, upon, or with).
- Connecticut borders on Massachusetts.
- (intransitive) To approach; to come near to; to verge (with on or upon).
- 1671, John Tillotson, “Sermon II. The Folly of Scoffing at Religion. 2 Pet[er] III. 3.”, in The Works of the Most Reverend Dr. John Tillotson, Late Lord Archbishop of Canterbury: […], 8th edition, London: […] T. Goodwin, B[enjamin] Tooke, and J. Pemberton, […]; J. Round […], and J[acob] Tonson] […], published 1720, →OCLC:
- Wit which borders upon profaneness […] deserves to be branded as folly.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
(transitive) to put a border on something
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(transitive) to lie on, or adjacent to a border
|
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
Anagrams edit
French edit
Etymology edit
From bord + -er, of Germanic origin.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
border
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of border (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | border | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | bordant /bɔʁ.dɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | bordé /bɔʁ.de/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | borde /bɔʁd/ |
bordes /bɔʁd/ |
borde /bɔʁd/ |
bordons /bɔʁ.dɔ̃/ |
bordez /bɔʁ.de/ |
bordent /bɔʁd/ |
| imperfect | bordais /bɔʁ.dɛ/ |
bordais /bɔʁ.dɛ/ |
bordait /bɔʁ.dɛ/ |
bordions /bɔʁ.djɔ̃/ |
bordiez /bɔʁ.dje/ |
bordaient /bɔʁ.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | bordai /bɔʁ.de/ |
bordas /bɔʁ.da/ |
borda /bɔʁ.da/ |
bordâmes /bɔʁ.dam/ |
bordâtes /bɔʁ.dat/ |
bordèrent /bɔʁ.dɛʁ/ | |
| future | borderai /bɔʁ.də.ʁe/ |
borderas /bɔʁ.də.ʁa/ |
bordera /bɔʁ.də.ʁa/ |
borderons /bɔʁ.də.ʁɔ̃/ |
borderez /bɔʁ.də.ʁe/ |
borderont /bɔʁ.də.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | borderais /bɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ |
borderais /bɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ |
borderait /bɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ |
borderions /bɔʁ.də.ʁjɔ̃/ |
borderiez /bɔʁ.də.ʁje/ |
borderaient /bɔʁ.də.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | borde /bɔʁd/ |
bordes /bɔʁd/ |
borde /bɔʁd/ |
bordions /bɔʁ.djɔ̃/ |
bordiez /bɔʁ.dje/ |
bordent /bɔʁd/ |
| imperfect2 | bordasse /bɔʁ.das/ |
bordasses /bɔʁ.das/ |
bordât /bɔʁ.da/ |
bordassions /bɔʁ.da.sjɔ̃/ |
bordassiez /bɔʁ.da.sje/ |
bordassent /bɔʁ.das/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | borde /bɔʁd/ |
— | bordons /bɔʁ.dɔ̃/ |
bordez /bɔʁ.de/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “border”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams edit
Middle English edit
Noun edit
border
- Alternative form of bourdour
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology 1 edit
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
border n
- indefinite plural of bord
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
border m
- indefinite plural of bord