Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mn̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Related to s-stem masculine formations:

• *-mḗn (< **-mens) (e.g. Ancient Greek ποιμήν (poimḗn, “shepherd”)).
• *-mō (< **-mons) (e.g. Latin sermō, Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn), Sanskrit अश्मन् (áśman)).

See also *-h₃onh₂-.

Suffix

*(é)-mn̥ n

1. Creates action nouns or result nouns from verbs.

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular	collective
nominative	*(é)-mn̥	*(é)-mō
genitive	*(Ø)-méns	*(Ø)-m̥nés
	singular	dual	plural	collective
nominative	*(é)-mn̥	*(é)-m̥nih₁	—	*(é)-mō
vocative	*(é)-mn̥	*(é)-m̥nih₁	—	*(é)-mō
accusative	*(é)-mn̥	*(é)-m̥nih₁	—	*(é)-mō
genitive	*(Ø)-méns	*?	—	*(Ø)-m̥nés
ablative	*(Ø)-méns	*?	—	*(Ø)-m̥nés
dative	*(Ø)-méney	*?	—	*(Ø)-m̥néy
locative	*(Ø)-mén, *(Ø)-méni	*?	—	*(Ø)-mén, *(Ø)-méni
instrumental	*(Ø)-ménh₁	*?	—	*(Ø)-m̥néh₁

Derived terms

Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-mn̥

• *-mn-o-
  • Proto-Hellenic: *-mnos
    • Ancient Greek: -μνος (-mnos)
  • Proto-Italic: *-mnos
    • Latin: -mnus
• *-mn̥-to-
  • Proto-Hellenic: *-mə ~ *-mət-
    • Ancient Greek: -μα (-ma) ~ -ματ- (-mat-)
  • Proto-Italic: *-mentom
    • Latin: -mentum

Descendants

• Proto-Albanian: *-mā
  • Albanian: -më
• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: -ումն (-umn), -աւն (-awn)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-men, *-min
  • Proto-Slavic: *-mę
    • Old Church Slavonic: -мѧ (-mę)
• Proto-Celtic: *-man
• Germanic: Some of the an-stem nouns
• Proto-Hellenic: *-mə
  • Ancient Greek: -μᾰ (-ma)
• Proto-Hellenic: *-men
  • Ancient Greek: -μεν (-men) (Epic infinitive ending)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-ma (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Italic: *-mən
  • Latin: -men

References

• Parvaz Karanjia, Ramiyar. Teach yourself Avesta. A beginner's guide to the script, grammar & language of the Zoroastrian scriptural texts. 2011, p. 40 (pdf online).