Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ṓws

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Etymology

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    From *h₂ew- (to see) +‎ *-s (root nominal suffix), with a semantic shift to "to hear" after the split of Anatolian branch.

    Reconstruction

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    The initial laryngeal must be *h₂ to account for Latin forms auris, aus-cultō, which must reflect e-grade *h₂ews-.

    Noun

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    *h₂ṓws (oblique stem *h₂éws-)

    1. ear

    Inflection

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    Athematic, acrostatic
    singular collective
    nominative *h₂ṓws *h₂éwsōs
    genitive *h₂éwsos *h₂usés
    singular dual plural collective
    nominative *h₂ṓws *h₂ṓwsih₁ *h₂éwsōs
    vocative *h₂ṓws *h₂ṓwsih₁ *h₂éwsōs
    accusative *h₂ṓws *h₂ṓwsih₁ *h₂éwsōs
    genitive *h₂éwsos *? *h₂usés
    ablative *h₂éwsos *? *h₂usés
    dative *h₂éwsey *? *h₂uséy
    locative *h₂éws, *h₂éwsi *? *h₂éws, *h₂éwsi
    instrumental *h₂éwsh₁ *? *h₂uséh₁
    Notes
    • Acrostatic singular, amphikinetic plural
    • Nominative: *h₂óws-s > *h₂ṓws
    • Genitive: *h₂éws-s > *h₂ḗws, or *h₂usós
    • Dual: *h₂(e)usih₁
    • Collective plural: *h₂éw(s)ōs, genitive *h₂u(s)-s-és

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    • Proto-Albanian: *ōusi
    • Proto-Armenian:
      • Old Armenian: ունկն (unkn) (singulative), ականջք (akanǰkʻ) (plural) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aus-
      • Latvian: auss
      • Lithuanian: ausis
      • Old Prussian: āusins
      • Proto-Slavic: *uxo (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Celtic: *ausos (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Germanic: *ausô (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HušíH du
      • Proto-Iranian: *HušíH (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *auzis
    • Unsorted formations:
      • Sanskrit: उषस् (uṣás, the outer passage of the ear)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Húšma
        • Proto-Nuristani:
          • Northern Nuristani:

    References

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