Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/súraH

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *sūl (“thick liquid”). Alternatively, from the root *su- (“to press, to extract”) whence also *sáwmas.

Noun

*súraH f ^[1]

Declension

aH-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*fáH	*fáy	*fā́s
vocative	*fáy	*fáy	*fā́s
accusative	*fā́m	*fáy	*fā́s
instrumental	*fáH, -ayaH	*fáHbʰyā(m)	*fáHbʰiš
ablative	*fáyaHs	*fáHbʰyā(m)	*fáHbʰyas
dative	*fáyaHi	*fáHbʰyā(m)	*fáHbʰyas
genitive	*fáyaHs	*fáyHās	*fáHnaHam
locative	*fáyaH	*fáyHaw	*fáHsu

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *súraH
- Sanskrit: सुरा (súrā, “alcohol, wine”)^[2] (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Iranian: *húraH (“fermented milk”)
- Avestan: 𐬵𐬎𐬭𐬁 (hurā)
- Old Persian:
  - Middle Persian: hwl (hur)
- Khotanese: hurā
→ Kipchak:
- Bashkir: һыра (hıra, “beer”)
- Kazakh: сыра (syra, “beer”)
- Tatar: сыра (sıra, “beer”)
- → Southern Altai: сыра (sïra, “beer”)
→ Proto-Permic: *sur (“beer”) (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “súrā-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 482
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “súrā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

[1] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “súrā-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 482

[2] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “súrā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

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