Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/swap-

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *swep-.

Root

*swap-

1. sleep, to sleep
2. dreaming

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *swap-
  • Sanskrit: स्वप् (svap)
• Proto-Iranian: *hwápati
  • Avestan: 𐬓𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬥 (xᵛapan)
  • Gilaki: خفت (xuft)
  • Northern Kurdish: xew (“sleep”), xewn (“dream”)
  • Middle Persian: hwʾb (xvāb)
    • Persian: خواب (xvâb, xâb)
      • → Urdu: خواب (xvāb)
  • Lurish:
    • Northern Luri: خاو (xāw)

      Nahavandi: خۋ (xü)

    • Bakhtiari: خٱو (xaw)
    • Southern Luri: خٱو (xaw)

Derived terms

• *swápati
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *swápati
    • Vedic Sanskrit: स्वपति (svápati)
      • Classical Sanskrit: स्वपिति (svápiti)
• *swápnas (“dream”)