Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/pr̥štáh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥štʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥-sth₂-ós, from *per- + *steh₂- + *-ós.

Noun

*pr̥štáh m

1. back, spine

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pr̥štáh	*pr̥štā́	*pr̥štā́
vocative	*pr̥šta	*pr̥štā́	*pr̥štā́
accusative	*pr̥štám	*pr̥štā́	*pr̥štā́nh
instrumental	*pr̥štā́	*pr̥štáybyaH	*pr̥štā́yš
ablative	*pr̥štā́t	*pr̥štáybyaH	*pr̥štáybyah
dative	*pr̥štā́y	*pr̥štáybyaH	*pr̥štáybyah
genitive	*pr̥štáhya	*pr̥štáyāh	*pr̥štā́nam
locative	*pr̥štáy	*pr̥štáyaw	*pr̥štáyšu

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Old Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬙𐬇𐬨 (parštə̄m, nom.sg.), 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬙𐬁 n (parštā, nom.pl.)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Proto-Scythian:
    • Ossetian: фӕрцы (færcy)
    • Proto-Saka-Wakhi:
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (palšti)
      • Wakhi: pərt
  • Sogdo-Bactrian:
    • Khwarezmian: pšk
    • Proto-Sogdic:
      • Sogdian:

        Buddhist: [script needed] (prch /⁠paṙč⁠/)

        Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫡𐫝𐫏 (prcy)

      • Yagnobi: pušt
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Ormuri-Parachi:
    • Ormuri: [script needed] (pat)
    • Parachi: puṭ
  • Pamir:
    • Munji-Yidgha:
      • Munji: [script needed] (pə́šḱa)
      • Yidgha: [script needed] (piščo)
    • Sanglechi: pērs
    • Sarikoli: pīst
  • Pashto: پښتۍ f (puẍtë́y, “rib”); پرشا (përšā́, “back”, adv.)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Northern Kurdish: pişt
  • Zaza-Gurani:
    • Gurani: پەشت (pašt)
    • Zazaki: pışt
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Middle Persian:

    Book Pahlavi script: 𐮾𐮵𐯀𐯁𐮵 (pwšt' /⁠pušt⁠/)

    • Persian: پشت (pošt)
• → Old Armenian: պաշտ- (pašt-) (in պաշտպան (paštpan)), փուշտ- (pʻušt-) (in փուշտիպան (pʻuštipan))