Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъrtiti
Proto-Slavic
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editNormally reconstructed as a denominal verb of *(s)ker- (“to cut”) + *-tós (per Trubachyov). Given that the same root also produced palatalized 0-grade lemmas in Balto-Slavic, e.g. *čьrtati (“to draw”), it is likely that the plain velar forms were influenced by *kʷer- (“to make, to build”). Cognates in Balto-Slavic include Lithuanian kùrti (“to build”), Latvian kurt (“to excite”). Outside of Balto-Slavic, the root is related to Proto-Germanic *skurtaz (“short”), Latin curtus (“shortened”) as a descendant of *(s)ker- and to Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥tás (“made”), Proto-Celtic *kʷritus (“form”) as a descendant of *kʷer-.
Verb
edit*kъrtiti impf
Inflection
editConjugation of *kъrtiti, *kъrti, *kъrtitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*kъrťenьje | *kъrtiti | *kъrtitъ | *kъrtilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *kъrťenъ | *kъrtimъ |
Active | *kъrťь | *kъrtę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *kъrtixъ | *kъrti | *kъrti | *kъrťǫ | *kъrtiši | *kъrtitь |
Dual | *kъrtixově | *kъrtista | *kъrtiste | *kъrtivě | *kъrtita | *kъrtite |
Plural | *kъrtixomъ | *kъrtiste | *kъrtišę | *kъrtimъ | *kъrtite | *kъrtętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *kъrťaaxъ | *kъrťaaše | *kъrťaaše | — | *kъrti | *kъrti |
Dual | *kъrťaaxově | *kъrťaašeta | *kъrťaašete | *kъrtivě | *kъrtita | — |
Plural | *kъrťaaxomъ | *kъrťaašete | *kъrťaaxǫ | *kъrtimъ | *kъrtite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*kъrtivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
edit- *čersti (“to carve, slash”)
- *čьrtati (“to draw”)
- *čьrta (“dash”)
- *kortъ (“once, time”)
- *kortъkъ (“short”)
Descendants
edit- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
edit- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кортеть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kъrtiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 241