Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sъlati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncertain. Generally considered to be from Proto-Indo-European *selH-, however, it is unclear if the Slavic lemma reflects:

• *selh₁- (“to favour”) which gave Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (saljan, “to sacrifice”);
• *selh₂- (“to be merciful, to comfort”) which is the origin of Latin sōlor (“to comfort”), Ancient Greek ἱλάσκομαι (hiláskomai, “to appease, conciliate”), and Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌻𐍃 (sēls, “good, kind”).
• *solh₂- (“to be whole”) which is the origin of Latin solidus (“solid”), Ancient Greek ὅλος (hólos, “whole, holastic”), and Sanskrit सर्व (sarva, “entire”).

Verb

*sъlati impf

1. to send

   Synonym: *portiti

Conjugation

Conjugation of *sъlati, *sъla, *sъľetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sъlanьje	*sъlati	*sъlatъ	*sъlalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sъlanъ	*sъľemъ
Active	*sъlavъ	*sъľę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sъlaxъ	*sъla	*sъla	*sъľǫ	*sъľeši	*sъľetь
Dual	*sъlaxově	*sъlasta	*sъlaste	*sъľevě	*sъľeta	*sъľete
Plural	*sъlaxomъ	*sъlaste	*sъlašę	*sъľemъ	*sъľete	*sъľǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sъlaaxъ	*sъlaaše	*sъlaaše	—	*sъľi	*sъľi
Dual	*sъlaaxově	*sъlaašeta	*sъlaašete	*sъľivě	*sъľita	—
Plural	*sъlaaxomъ	*sъlaašete	*sъlaaxǫ	*sъľimъ	*sъľite	—

Derived terms

• *posъlati (“to delegate”)
  • *posъlъ (“envoy, messenger”)
  • *posъlanьje (“message”)
  • *posъlanikъ (“messenger”)
  • *posъlьstvo (“delegation, visit”)
• *dosъlati (“to notify”)
  • *dosъlanьje (“notification”)
• *nasъlati (“to inflict”)
  • *nasъlanьje (“cause”)
• *sъsъlati (“to exile, to banish”)
• *orzsъlati (“to send around”)
• *vysъlati (“to send out”)
• *usъlati (“to send away”)
• *zasъlati (“to send for”)
• *persъlati (“to send forward”)
• *prisъlati (“to append, to send in addition”)
• *podъsъlati (“to send secretly”)
• *otъsъlati (“to send off, to dismiss”)

Related terms

• *šьľati (“to screw around, to wander”) (possibly identical to *sъlati)
• *sъlъ (“messenger”)
• *sylъka (“dispatch”)
• *sylьnъ (“sent”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: слаць (slacʹ), пасла́ць (paslácʹ)
  • Russian: сла́ть (slátʹ), посла́ть (poslátʹ)
  • Ukrainian: сла́ти (sláty), посла́ти (posláty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: сълати (sŭlati)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: сла̏ти

    Latin script: slȁti

  • ⇒ Slovene: posláti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • ⇒ Czech: poslat
  • Kashubian: słac, swac
  • Old Polish: słać
    • Polish: słać
  • Slovak: poslať
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: słaś
    • Upper Sorbian: słać

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) “sъlàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 479
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “слать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress