Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tьrnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tirnas, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥nós, although AP b is unexpected.

Noun

*tь̃rnъ m^[1]^[2]^[3]

thorn
blackthorn, sloe-tree (Prunus spinosa)

Inflection

Declension of *tь̃rnъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tь̃rnъ	*tьrnà	*tьrnì
genitive	*tьrnà	*tьrnù	*tь̃rnъ
dative	*tьrnù	*tьrnòma	*tьrnòmъ
accusative	*tь̃rnъ	*tьrnà	*tьrnỳ
instrumental	tьrnъ̀mь, tьrnòmь^*	*tьrnòma	*tь̃rny
locative	*tьrně̀	*tьrnù	*tь̃rněxъ
vocative	*tьrne	*tьrnà	*tьrnì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*tьrnьje (collective)
*tьrnakъ (“thorny thicket”)
*tьrnina (“sloe”)

Related terms

*tьrti, *terti (“to rub”)
*tryti (“to scrub”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: тьрнъ (tĭrnŭ)
  - Belarusian: цёрн (cjorn)
  - Russian: тёрн (tjorn), тёрен (tjóren)
  - Ukrainian: те́рен (téren)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: трьнъ (trĭnŭ), трънъ (trŭnŭ)
- Bulgarian: трън (trǎn)
- Macedonian: трн (trn)
- Serbo-Croatian: тр̑н, tȓn, tȑń, tr̃n
- Slovene: tŕn (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: trn
  - Czech: trn
- Kashubian: cérzniô
- Polabian: dren
- Old Polish: tarn, cirń
  - Polish: tarń, cierń
- Slovak: tŕň
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: ćerń
  - Lower Sorbian: śerń

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tь̀rnъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 505: “m. o (b) ‘thorn’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “tьrnъ tьrna”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (sek. tьrno) thorn, spine (NA 109, 141; SA 21)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “tŕn”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *tьrnъ̏”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*tь̀rnъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 505: “m. o (b) ‘thorn’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “tьrnъ tьrna”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (sek. tьrno) thorn, spine (NA 109, 141; SA 21)”

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016) “tŕn”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *tьrnъ̏”

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