Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bile

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative forms

• *bula

Alternative reconstructions

• *bilen
• *birlen
• *birle

Etymology

Possibly derived from *bīr (“1, one”). Also akin to *birge and *birče with similar meaning.

Reconstruction notes

• The letter /-l-/ turns into the letter /-n-/ in several Kypchak languages.
• Gokturk, Chuvash, Old Uyghur and Ottoman words birle possibly inherited from another different variant.

Preposition

*bile

1. with

Adverb

*bile

1. also
2. together

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: пӗрле (pĕrle, “together”), -пе (-pe), -па (-pa)
• Common Turkic: *birle

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: bilə, -la, -lə
• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: ایله (ile)
      • Azerbaijani: ilə, -la, -lə
      • Ottoman Turkish: ایله (ile), برله (birle), بیله (bile), ایلن (ilen), ـله (-le, -la)
        • Turkish: ile, -le
  • East Oghuz:
    • Salar: bili (“together (with)”), -la (“with”)
    • Turkmen: bilen
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (birlä, bilä)
    • Chagatai: بلن, برلە (bilän, birlä)
      • Uyghur: بىلەن (bilen)
      • Uzbek: bilan
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: менән
    • Tatar: белән (belän)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: ile
    • Karachay-Balkar: бла (bla)
    • Kumyk: булан (bulan)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Karakalpak: менен
    • Kazakh: мен (men)
    • Nogai: мен (men)
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: менен (menen)
    • Southern Altai: мынаҥ (mïnaŋ)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: [script needed] (birle)
  • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (birlä)
  • South Siberian:
    • Tuvan: -биле (-bile), биле (bile)
    • Western Yugur: pli

References

• http://turkic.elegantlexicon.com/turkforms.php?form=with
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 364-365
• Sevortjan, E. V. (1978) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Nauka, pages 140-142
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bile (bula)”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill