Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/orun

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Usually considered simplex however there have been multiple theories on its origin and derivation.

Dybo suggests a borrowing from Middle Chinese 龍 (MC ljowng).^[1]
Tezcan suggests a derivation from *olur- (“to sit”),^[2] this would give an earlier form *olrun, which would then become *ōrun with consonant deletion.^[3]
EDAL also suggests a hypothetical unattested verb *or- from whence *ordu (“royal camp”) and *ortu (“middle”) hypothetically comes.^[4]

Noun

*orun

place

Declension

Declension of *orun
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*orun
accusative	orunug, orunnï¹⁾
genitive	*orunnuŋ
dative	*orunka
locative	*orunta
ablative	*oruntan
allative	*orungaru
instrumental ²⁾	*orunun
equative ²⁾	*orunča
similative ²⁾	*orunlayu
comitative ²⁾	*orunlugu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Derived terms

⇒ *or(u)n-a- (“to reserve a place”)
- ⇒ *orna-ĺč- (“to settle down”)

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: вырӑн (vyrăn)
Common Turkic:

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (orun)
  - →? Turkish: orun
- Turkmen: orun
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (orun)
  - Uyghur: ورۇن (orun)
  - Uzbek: oʻrin
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: урын (urın)
  - Tatar: урын (urın)
- West Kipchak:
  - Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (orun)
  - Karaim: [script needed] (orun)
  - Krymchak: [script needed] (orun)
  - Kumyk: [script needed] (orun)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: [script needed] (orın)
    - Kazakh: орын (oryn)
    - Nogai: орын (orın)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: орун (orun)
    - Southern Altai: орын (orïn)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (oron)
  - Western Yugur: [script needed] (orın)
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: орон (oron), орун (orun)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tofa: [script needed] (oron)
    - Tuvan: [script needed] (orun)
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: [script needed] (orın)
→? Proto-Mongolic: *orun
- →? Mongolian: орон (oron)

References

^ Dybo, A. V. (2007) Lingvističeskije kontakty rannix tjurkov: leksičeskij fond, pratjurkskij period [Language contacts of early Turks. The Proto-Turkic period]‎^[1] (in Russian), Moscow: Oriental Literature, Russian Academy of Sciences, page 84
^ Tezcan, Semih (2010), "Etimoloji Önerileri", in III. Uluslararası Türkiyat Araştırmaları Sempozyumu, page 827
^ Tekin, Talât (1995) Türk Dillerinde Birincil Uzun Ünlüler [Primary Long Vowels in Turkic Languages] (Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları Dizisi; 13)‎^[2], Ankara: T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı, →ISBN, page 164
^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*or-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[3], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943
Clauson, Gerard (1972) “orun”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 233
Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “orun”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 365
Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 477

[1] Dybo, A. V. (2007) Lingvističeskije kontakty rannix tjurkov: leksičeskij fond, pratjurkskij period [Language contacts of early Turks. The Proto-Turkic period]‎^[1] (in Russian), Moscow: Oriental Literature, Russian Academy of Sciences, page 84

[2] Tezcan, Semih (2010), "Etimoloji Önerileri", in III. Uluslararası Türkiyat Araştırmaları Sempozyumu, page 827

[3] Tekin, Talât (1995) Türk Dillerinde Birincil Uzun Ünlüler [Primary Long Vowels in Turkic Languages] (Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları Dizisi; 13)‎^[2], Ankara: T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı, →ISBN, page 164

[4] Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*or-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[3], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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