simplex

See also: Simplex

English

Simplexes (geometry).

Simplex wireless communication.

Etymology

From Latin simplex (“simple”).

In the mathematical sense, apparently first used (in German) in 1902, Pieter Hendrik Schoute, Mehrdimensionale Geometrie^[1], where Schoute first suggests the term Simplicissimum, but then from the next page decides to use simplex "for short". In his pioneering works on algebraic topology, Henri Poincaré had previously introduced the concept, but not the actual term simplex.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɪmplɛks/

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

Adjective

simplex (not comparable)

1. Single, simple; not complex.
2. (telecommunications) Unidirectional.

Synonyms

• monoplex
• uniplex

Antonyms

• (simple): complex
• (unidirectional): duplex (bidirectional)

Coordinate terms

(unidirectional):

• half-duplex
• semiduplex
• full duplex

Translations

unidirectional

• Catalan: símplex
• Finnish: yksisuuntainen (fi)
• Greek: μονόδρομος (el) (monódromos)

Noun

simplex (plural simplexes or simplices or simplicia)

1. (geometry, algebraic topology) An analogue in a space of arbitrary dimensionality of the triangle or tetrahedron; the convex hull of n+1 linearly independent points in n-dimensional space; in other words, the triangle, tetrahedron etc., generalized to an arbitrary number of dimensions.
2. (linguistics) A monomorphemic word, one without affixes.
   • 1978, Helga Harries-Delisle, “Contrastive Emphasis and Cleft Sentences”, in Universals of Human Language, edited by Joseph H. Greenberg, →ISBN, page 460:

     The only indication that 139. is a simplex is the sentence intonation and the absence of a break between the verb and the subject.

Synonyms

• monoplex

Derived terms

• simplex method
• simplicial

Translations

an analogue in any dimension of the triangle or tetrahedron

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 单纯形 (dānchún xíng)

• Finnish: simpleksi
• French: simplexe (fr) m
• German: Simplex (de) n
• Icelandic: hyrna (is) f
• Irish: aonphléacs m
• Italian: simplesso (it) m
• Russian: си́мплекс (ru) m (símpleks)
• Spanish: simplex (es) m

a simple word

• Finnish: perussana
• German: Simplex (de) n
• Swedish: simplex n

See also

• complex
• subplex

Latin

Latin numbers ^(edit)

		10[a], [b], [c], [d]
		I 1	2  → [a], [b]	10  → [a], [b], [c], [d]
Cardinal: ūnus     Ordinal: prīmus     Adverbial: semel     Multiplier: simplex, simplus     Distributive: singulī

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *sempleks, from the same root as semel + plicō (“I fold”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsim.pleks/, [ˈs̠ɪmpɫ̪ɛks̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsim.pleks/, [ˈsimpleks]

Adjective

simplex (genitive simplicis, comparative simplicior, superlative simplicissimus, adverb simpliciter); third-declension one-termination adjective

1. single
2. simple, plain, uncompounded
3. pure, unmixed
4. sincere, naive, frank, open, without guile, guileless, unsuspecting
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.225-226:

     male crēditis hostī: simplex nōbilitās, perfida tēla cave!

     You do wrong to trust the enemy: Guileless nobles, beware of treacherous weapons!

Declension

Third-declension one-termination adjective.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
Nominative	simplex			simplicēs	simplicia
Genitive	simplicis			simplicium
Dative	simplicī			simplicibus
Accusative	simplicem	simplex		simplicēs	simplicia
Ablative	simplicī			simplicibus
Vocative	simplex			simplicēs	simplicia

Derived terms

• simplicābilis
• simplicitās
• simpliciter

Related terms

• duplex
• simplus
• triplex
• quadruplex

Descendants

• Old Leonese:
  • Mirandese: simples
• Old Portuguese: simplez
  • Portuguese: simples, símplice
• → Asturian: simple
• → Catalan: simple
• → Dutch: simpel
• → English: simplex
• → Friulian: sempliç
• → Galician: simple
• → German: simpel
  • → Norwegian: simpel
• → Italian: semplice
• → Middle Low German: simpel
  • → Old Swedish: simpel
    • Swedish: simpel
      • → Finnish: simppeli
• → Old French: simple, sinple
  • French: simple
    • → Romanian: simplu
  • → Middle English: symple, simple
    • Scots: semple
    • English: simple
• → Romansch: simpel, sempel
• Sicilian: sìmprici, sìmplici
• → Spanish: simple
  • Chavacano: simple
• → Proto-Brythonic: *sɨml
  • Middle Welsh: symyl
    • Welsh: syml

References

• “simplex”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “simplex”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• simplex in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• simplex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette

Romanian

Etymology

From French simplex.

Noun

simplex n (uncountable)

1. simplex

Declension

declension of simplex (singular only)

	singular
n gender	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) simplex	simplexul
genitive/dative	(unui) simplex	simplexului
vocative	simplexule