Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/biūtan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Alternative forms

• *būtan, *biūtini, *būtini

Etymology

From *bi- (unstressed variant of *bī) +‎ *ūtan, the accusative of *ūtō (“outside”).

Adverb

*biūtan

1. outside, externally
2. completely around

Preposition

*biūtan

1. (with accusative) out of, apart from, besides
2. (with dative) outside of
3. (with dative) without

Conjunction

*biūtan

1. (with subjunctive) unless, except

Related terms

• *biinnan

Descendants

• Old English: būtan, būton
  • Middle English: buten, bouten, boute, bute, butte, botte, but, bot
    • English: but
    • Scots: but
• Old Frisian: būta, bota
  • Saterland Frisian: buute
  • West Frisian: bûte, bûten
• Old Saxon: biūtan, būtan, botan
  • Middle Low German: bûten
    • German Low German: buten
• Old Dutch: *biūtan, *būtan
  • Middle Dutch: bûten
    • Dutch: buiten
• Old High German: biūzan, būzan
  • Middle High German: būzen
    • German: baußen (obsolete); bußen, baußen (Hessian dialectal)
    • Luxembourgish: baussen