anaid

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *anati (“to remain”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₁ti (“to breathe”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈanɨðʲ]

Verb

anaid (conjunct ·ana, verbal noun anad)

1. to stay, remain
   • c. 700–800 Táin Bó Cúailnge, published in Táin Bó Cúailnge. Recension I (1976, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Cecile O'Rahilly, TBC-I 4157

     Anaid Findabair la Coin Culaind & tíagai[t] Connachta dia tír & tíagai[t] Ulaid do Emain Macha cona mórchoscar. Finit. Amen.

     Findabair stayed with Cú Chulainn and the Connachtmen went [home] to their own land, and the Ulstermen went [home] to Emain Macha in triumph. The end.

   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14^a8

     Níba cuit adíll ⁊ cucuibsi, acht ainfa lib, ar nídad foirbthi-si; it foirbthi immurgu Macidonii.

     It will not be merely a passing visit to you pl, but I will remain with you, for you are not perfect; the Macedonians, however, are perfect.

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 42^a4

     Ní·guid dígail du thabairt foraib, acht corru·anat inna arrad.

     He prays not that punishment should be inflicted on them, but that they may remain in his company.

2. to wait
3. to resist, to withstand
4. to cease, to stop

Inflection

Simple, class A I present, s preterite, f future, a subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Abs.			anaid	anmai		anait
	Conj.			·ana
	Rel.			anas
Imperfect indicative				·anad			·andais
Preterite	Abs.			anais; anis			ansait
	Conj.	·anus	·anis	·an	·ansam
	Rel.
Perfect	Deut.	ru·anus	ro·anis	ro·an; ru·an
	Prot.			·ran, ·rran	·rransam
Future	Abs.	ainfa
	Conj.	·ainib; ·anub; ·aniub					·ainfet
	Rel.
Conditional			·ainfeda	·ainfed
Present subjunctive	Abs.
	Conj.	·ran, ·rran (ro-form)					ru·anat (ro-form)
	Rel.
Past subjunctive
Imperative			an		anam	anaid	anat
Verbal noun		anad
Past participle
Verbal of necessity

Derived terms

• con·osna
• fo·fúasna
• imm·ana

Descendants

• Middle Irish: fanaid
  • Irish: fan
  • Scottish Gaelic: fan

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
anaid (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-anaid
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “anaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language