stop

Wikipedia

PronunciationEdit

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: stŏp, IPA^(key): /stɒp/
• (General American) enPR: stäp, IPA^(key): /stɑp/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɒp

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English stoppen, stoppien, from Old English stoppian (“to stop, close”), from Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close”), *stuppijaną (“to push, pierce, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *stÁb(h)-, *stemb(h)- (“to support, stamp, become angry, be amazed”). Cognate with West Frisian stopje (“to stop”), Dutch stoppen (“to stop”), Low German stoppen (“to stop”), German stopfen (“to be filling, stuff”), German stoppen (“to stop”), Danish stoppe (“to stop”), Swedish & Icelandic stoppa (“to stop”), Middle High German stupfen, stüpfen (“to pierce”). More at stuff, stump.

Alternate etymology derives Proto-Germanic *stuppōną from an assumed Vulgar Latin *stūpāre, *stuppāre (“to stop up with tow”), from stūpa, stīpa, stuppa (“tow, flax, oakum”), from Ancient Greek στύπη (stúpē), στύππη (stúppē, “tow, flax, oakum”), from Proto-Indo-European *steyə- (“to thicken, clump up, condense”). This derivation, however, is doubtful, as the earliest instances of the Germanic verb do not carry the meaning of "stuff, stop with tow". Rather, these senses developed later in response to influence from similar sounding words in Latin and Romance^[1].

VerbEdit

stop (third-person singular simple present stops, present participle stopping, simple past and past participle stopped)

1. (intransitive) To cease moving.
   • 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 5, The Mirror and the Lamp:

     Then everybody once more knelt, and soon the blessing was pronounced. The choir and the clergy trooped out slowly, […], down the nave to the western door. […] At a seemingly immense distance the surpliced group stopped to say the last prayer.

   I stopped at the traffic lights.

2. (intransitive) To come to an end.

   The riots stopped when police moved in.

   Soon the rain will stop.

3. (transitive) To cause (something) to cease moving or progressing.
   • 2013 June 1, “Ideas coming down the track”, The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 13 (Technology Quarterly): 

     A “moving platform” scheme […] is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails. […] This set-up solves several problems […]. Stopping high-speed trains wastes energy and time, so why not simply slow them down enough for a moving platform to pull alongside?

   The sight of the armed men stopped him in his tracks.

   This guy is a fraudster. I need to stop the cheque I wrote him.

4. (transitive) To cause (something) to come to an end.

   The referees stopped the fight.

5. (transitive) To close or block an opening.

   He stopped the wound with gauze.

6. (transitive, intransitive, photography, often with "up" or "down") To adjust the aperture of a camera lens.

   To achieve maximum depth of field, he stopped down to an f-stop of 22.

7. (intransitive) To stay; to spend a short time; to reside temporarily.

   to stop with a friend

   • R. D. Blackmore

     by stopping at home till the money was gone

   • 1931, E. F. Benson, Mapp & Lucia, chapter 7

     “She’s not going away. She’s going to stop here forever.”

   He stopped for two weeks at the inn.

8. (intransitive) To tarry.

   He stopped at his friend's house before continuing with his drive.

9. (music) To regulate the sounds of (musical strings, etc.) by pressing them against the fingerboard with the finger, or otherwise shortening the vibrating part.
10. (obsolete) To punctuate.
    • Landor

      if his sentences were properly stopped

11. (nautical) To make fast; to stopper.

Usage notesEdit

• This is a catenative verb that takes the gerund (-ing) or the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs for more information.

SynonymsEdit

• (to cease moving): brake, desist, halt
• (to come to an end): blin, cease, desist, discontinue, halt, terminate
• (to cause to cease moving): cancel, cease, discontinue, halt, terminate
• (to cause to come to an end): blin, cancel, cease, discontinue, halt, terminate

AntonymsEdit

• (to cease moving): continue, go, move, proceed
• (to come to an end): continue, proceed
• (to cause to cease moving): continue, move
• (to cause to come to an end): continue, move

Derived termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

NounEdit

stop (plural stops)

1. A (usually marked) place where line buses, trams or trains halt to let passengers get on and off, usually smaller than a station.

   They agreed to see each other at the bus stop.

2. An action of stopping; interruption of travel.

   That stop was not planned.

   • De Foe

     It is doubtful […] whether it contributed anything to the stop of the infection.

   • Sir Isaac Newton

     Occult qualities put a stop to the improvement of natural philosophy.

   • John Locke

     It is a great step toward the mastery of our desires to give this stop to them.

3. A device intended to block the path of a moving object; as, a door stop.
4. (linguistics) A consonant sound in which the passage of air through the mouth is temporarily blocked by the lips, tongue, or glottis; a plosive.
5. A symbol used for purposes of punctuation and representing a pause or separating clauses, particularly a full stop, comma, colon or semicolon.
6. That which stops, impedes, or obstructs; an obstacle; an impediment.

   Pull out all the stops.

   • Daniel

     A fatal stop traversed their headlong course.

   • Rogers

     So melancholy a prospect should inspire us with zeal to oppose some stop to the rising torrent.

7. A function that halts playback or recording in devices such as videocassette and DVD player.
8. (by extension) A button that activates the stop function.
9. (music) A knob or pin used to regulate the flow of air in an organ.

   The organ is loudest when all the stops are pulled.

10. (tennis) A very short shot which touches the ground close behind the net and is intended to bounce as little as possible.
11. (zoology) The depression in a dog’s face between the skull and the nasal bones.

    The stop in a bulldog's face is very marked.

12. (photography) An f-stop.
13. (engineering) A device, or piece, as a pin, block, pawl, etc., for arresting or limiting motion, or for determining the position to which another part shall be brought.
14. (architecture) A member, plain or moulded, formed of a separate piece and fixed to a jamb, against which a door or window shuts.
15. The diaphragm used in optical instruments to cut off the marginal portions of a beam of light passing through lenses.

SynonymsEdit

• (place for vehicles to load and unload passengers): halt, station
• (consonant sound where air is blocked): plosive, occlusive

Derived termsEdit

• bus stop
• truck stop

TranslationsEdit

ReferencesEdit

1. ^ The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia, "stop".

AdverbEdit

stop (not comparable)

1. Prone to halting or hesitation.

   He’s stop still.

InterjectionEdit

stop

1. halt! stop!

TranslationsEdit

PunctuationEdit

stop

1. Used to indicate the end of a sentence in a telegram.

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle English stoppe, from Old English stoppa (“bucket, pail, a stop”), from Proto-Germanic *stuppô (“vat, vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teub- (“to push, hit; stick, stump”). Cognate with Norwegian stopp, stoppa (“deep well, recess”), Middle High German stubech, stübich (“barrel, vat, unit of measure”) (German Stübchen). Related also to Middle Low German stōp (“beaker, flask”), Middle High German stouf (“beaker, flask”), Norwegian staupa (“goblet”), Icelandic staupa (“shot-glass”), Old English stēap (“a stoup, beaker, drinking vessel, cup, flagon”). Cognate to Albanian shtambë (“amphora, bucket”). See stoup.

NounEdit

stop (plural stops)

1. (UK dialectal) A small well-bucket; a milk-pail.

StatisticsEdit

• Most common English words before 1923: dress · degree · spoken · #918: stop · moral · mighty · Hart

AnagramsEdit

• opts
• post, POST
• pots, POTS
• spot, Spot
• tops

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PronunciationEdit

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔp
• IPA^(key): /stɔp/

NounEdit

stop m (plural stoppen, diminutive stopje n)

1. an action of stopping, cessation
2. plug for a sink, a stopper
3. electric fuse

VerbEdit

stop

1. first-person singular present indicative of stoppen
2. imperative of stoppen

AnagramsEdit

• post
• spot

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EtymologyEdit

1792, from English stop.

NounEdit

stop m (uncountable)

1. stop sign
2. hitchhiking

Related termsEdit

• auto-stop
• stop-motion
• stopper

AnagramsEdit

• pots
• spot

External linksEdit

• "stop" in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

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EtymologyEdit

Borrowing from English.

InterjectionEdit

stop!

1. stop!, halt!

NounEdit

stop m (plural stop)

1. stop (roadsign; bus stop etc; block)

AnagramsEdit

• post
• spot

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InterjectionEdit

stop!

1. stop!, halt!

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Wikipedia ^pl

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɔp/

• audio

  (file)

Etymology 1Edit

From the verb stopić.

NounEdit

stop m

1. (chemistry) an alloy; a mixture of metals.

   Mosiądz jest stopem miedzi i cynku.

   Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.

DeclensionEdit

SynonymsEdit

• aliaż (obsolete)

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowing from English stop.

InterjectionEdit

stop

1. stop!, halt!

NounEdit

stop m

1. a stop sign.

   Jechał dalej, bo nie zauważył stopu.

   He continued to drive because he hadn't noticed the stop sign.

2. (colloquial) a vehicle's brake light.

   Uderzyłam w niego, bo nie zaświecił mu się stop i nie wiedziałam, że ostro hamuje.

   I hit his car because his brake light didn't flash and I didn't know he was braking hard.

3. (colloquial) hitchhiking.

   Często podróżuję na stopa.

   I often hitchhike.

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NounEdit

stop n

1. Beer mug.
2. stoup

DeclensionEdit

SynonymsEdit

• sejdel