aorist

See also: Aorist

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἀόριστος (aóristos, “unbounded”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈeɪ.ə.ɹɪst/, /ˈɛə.ɹɪst/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈeɪ.ə.ɹɪst/, /ˈɛəɹɪst/

Noun

aorist (plural aorists)

1. (grammar) A verb paradigm found in certain languages, usually an unmarked form or one that expresses the perfective or aorist aspect.
2. (grammar) A particular verb in the aorist.

Derived terms

• aorist tense
• s-aorist

Translations

a grammatical aspect

• Bulgarian: аори́ст (bg) m (aoríst), ми́нало свърше́но вре́ме n (mínalo svǎršéno vréme)
• Catalan: aorist m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 不定過去時 / 不定过去时 (bùdìng guòqùshí)

• Czech: aorist m
• Danish: aorist (da) c
• Dutch: aoristus (nl) m
• Finnish: aoristi (fi)
• French: aoriste (fr) m
• Georgian: აორისტი (aorisṭi), წყვეტილი (c̣q̇veṭili), ნამყო სრული (namq̇o sruli)
• German: Aorist (de) m
• Greek: αόριστος (el) m (aóristos)

  Ancient: ἀόριστος (aóristos) (χρόνος (khrónos))

• Irish: éigríocht m
• Italian: aoristo m
• Japanese: アオリスト (aorisuto)
• Korean: 부정과거 (bujeonggwageo)
• Latin: aoristus
• Macedonian: минато свршено време n (minato svršeno vreme), аорист m (aorist)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: aorist m

  Nynorsk: aorist m

• Occitan: aorist
• Polish: aoryst (pl) m
• Portuguese: aoristo (pt) m
• Romanian: aorist (ro) n
• Russian: ао́рист (ru) m (aórist)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: а̏орист m

  Roman: ȁorist (sh) m

• Sindhi: مُضارعَ m
• Spanish: aoristo m
• Swedish: aorist (sv) c
• Turkish: geniş zaman (tr)
• Ukrainian: аорист (uk) m (aoryst)
• Vietnamese: thể bất định
• Welsh: gorffennol penodol m

Adjective

aorist (not comparable)

1. (grammar) Of or pertaining to a verb in the aorist aspect.

   the aorist stem of a verb

Derived terms

• aoristic

Related terms

• horizon

Translations

pertaining to verb in aorist aspect

• Czech: aoristový m
• Dutch: aoristisch
• Finnish: aoristi- (fi)
• French: aoriste (fr) m
• German: aoristisch
• Greek: αόριστος (el) m (aóristos)

  Ancient: ἀόριστος (aóristos)

• Irish: éigríochta
• Manx: aoristagh
• Polish: aorystyczny (pl)
• Portuguese: aorístico
• Russian: ао́ристный (ru) (aóristnyj)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: а̏ористнӣ

  Roman: ȁoristnī (sh)

• Spanish: aoristo
• Swedish: aoristisk
• Welsh: gorffennol penodol

Anagrams

• à trois, Oirats, Artois, aristo, ratios, aristo-, Sirota, raotis, satori, Rosati

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀόριστος (aóristos, “unbounded”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈaorɪst]
• Hyphenation: ao‧rist

Noun

aorist m inan

1. aorist (a grammatical category of verbs that is often a perfective past) [19th c.]
   • 1986, Arnošt Lamprecht, Dušan Šlosar, Jaroslav Bauer, Historická mluvnice češtiny‎^[1], Praha: Státní pedagogické nakladatelství, page 239:

     V převážné většině případů se ve staré češtině tvoří aorist pouze od sloves dokonavých.

     In most cases aorist is formed only from perfective verbs in Old Czech.

2. aorist (a particular verb in the aorist) [19th c.]
   • 1860, F. B. Květ, Staročeská mluvnice‎^[2], Praha: Kober & Markgraf, page 118:

     Kdy aoristy v češtině zanikly, zevrubně se určiti nedá.

     It is not possible to determine thoroughly when aorists vanished in Czech.

Declension

Declension of aorist (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	aorist	aoristy
genitive	aoristu	aoristů
dative	aoristu	aoristům
accusative	aorist	aoristy
vocative	aoriste	aoristy
locative	aoristu	aoristech
instrumental	aoristem	aoristy

Derived terms

• aoristový

Further reading

• “aorist”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “aorist”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Anagrams

• risota

Danish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἀόριστος (aóristos, “indefinite, indeterminate”), from ἀ- (a-, “un”) +‎ ὁρίζω (horízō, “to determine”) +‎ -τος (-tos, “-able”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɑoˈʁisd̥], [ɑwˈʁisd̥]

Noun

aorist c (singular definite aoristen, plural indefinite aorister)

1. aorist (a past tense formation in Classical and Modern Greek and related formations in other Indo-European languages)
2. aorist (verbal aspect in Classical and Modern Greek, equivalent to perfective)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French aoriste.

Noun

aorist n (plural aoriste)

1. aorist

Declension

Declension of aorist

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	aorist	aoristul		aoriste	aoristele
genitive-dative	aorist	aoristului		aoriste	aoristelor
vocative	aoristule			aoristelor

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /âorist/
• Hyphenation: a‧o‧rist

Noun

ȁorist m (Cyrillic spelling а̏орист)

1. (grammar, uncountable) aorist aspect
2. (countable) a word in aorist aspect

Declension

Declension of aorist

	singular	plural
nominative	aorist	aoristi
genitive	aorista	aorista
dative	aoristu	aoristima
accusative	aorist	aoriste
vocative	aoriste	aoristi
locative	aoristu	aoristima
instrumental	aoristom	aoristima