bꜣẖ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /bɑç/
  • Conventional anglicization: bakh

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to rise (of the sun), to shine brightly (of the milk)
2. (intransitive) to sink (of the sun), to go down (of the sun), to shrink (of eye)

Inflection

Conjugation of bꜣẖ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: bꜣẖ, geminated stem: bꜣẖẖ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
bꜣẖ	bꜣẖw, bꜣẖ	bꜣẖt	bꜣẖ	bꜣẖ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
bꜣẖ	ḥr bꜣẖ	m bꜣẖ	r bꜣẖ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	bꜣẖ.n	consecutive	bꜣẖ.jn
terminative	bꜣẖt
perfective3	bꜣẖ	obligative1	bꜣẖ.ḫr
imperfective	bꜣẖ
prospective3	bꜣẖ	potentialis1	bꜣẖ.kꜣ
subjunctive	bꜣẖ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	bꜣẖ.n	—	—
perfective	bꜣẖ	bꜣẖ	bꜣẖ, bꜣẖw5, bꜣẖy5
imperfective	bꜣẖ, bꜣẖy, bꜣẖw5	bꜣẖ, bꜣẖj6, bꜣẖy6	bꜣẖ, bꜣẖw5
prospective	bꜣẖ, bꜣẖtj7	bꜣẖtj4, bꜣẖt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

• bꜣẖw

 

Adjective

1. bright, light

Inflection

Declension of bꜣẖ (perfective active participle)

	masculine	feminine
singular	bꜣẖ	bꜣẖt
dual	bꜣẖwj	bꜣẖtj
plural	bꜣẖw	bꜣẖwt1, bꜣẖt2
Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun. From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural. In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.