caldarium

English

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin caldārium (“room containing warm water for bathing”), substantive of caldārius (“of, pertaining to or suitable for bathing”), from caldus (“warm, hot”) + -ārius, alternative form of calidus, from caleō (“I am warm or hot; glow”).

Noun

caldarium (plural caldaria)

1. In Roman baths, the hottest room, with a plunge-pool. It preceded the tepidarium and frigidarium.
2. In modern spas, a room with a hot floor.

French

Noun

caldarium m (plural caldariums)

1. caldarium

Further reading

• “caldarium”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Alternative forms

• calidārium

Etymology

From caldus (“warm in temperature”, alternative form of calidus) +‎ -ārium (improperly for an adjective), via *caldārius.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /kalˈdaː.ri.um/, [käɫ̪ˈd̪äːriʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kalˈda.ri.um/, [käl̪ˈd̪äːrium]

Noun

caldārium n (genitive caldāriī or caldārī); second declension

1. warm bath

   Synonym: caldāria

2. caldarium (room in Roman baths containing hot water)

   Coordinate terms: apodytērium, frīgidārium, Lacōnicum, tepidārium

3. boiler for heating water for the baths
4. (Late Latin) portable stove

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	caldārium	caldāria
Genitive	caldāriī caldārī1	caldāriōrum
Dative	caldāriō	caldāriīs
Accusative	caldārium	caldāria
Ablative	caldāriō	caldāriīs
Vocative	caldārium	caldāria

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Related terms

• caldāmentum
• caldāria
• caldāriola
• caldor
• caleō
• calida
• calidē
• calidum
• calidus

 

Descendants

(See also Late Latin caldāria, -um 'cooking-pot'.)

• → Albanian: kaldar
• → Byzantine Greek: καλδάριον (kaldárion), καρδάριν (kardárin)
  • Greek: καρδάρι (kardári)
    • ⇒ Greek: καρδάρα (kardára)
      • → Bulgarian: ка́рда (kárda), га́рда (gárda)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: كردل (gerdel), كردر (gerder), كرد‌ه‌ل (gerdel)
    • Turkish: gerdel
    • → Arabic: جَرْدَل (jardal)
    • → Armenian: կէռտէլ (kēṙtēl)
    • → Greek: γκερδέλι (gkerdéli), γερδέλι (gerdéli)
• → English: caldarium
• → French: caldarium
• → Italian: calidario
• Megleno-Romanian: căldar

References

• “caldarium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “caldarium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “caldarium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin