cothrom

Irish

Alternative forms

• comhthrom (obsolete)
• cothromach (adjective only)

Etymology

By surface analysis, comh- +‎ trom. From Middle Irish comthrom (“of the same weight”), replacing earlier Old Irish cutrummae (“of the same weight”), com- +‎ trummae.

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔɾˠhəmˠ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔhɾˠəmˠ/

Adjective

cothrom (genitive singular masculine cothroim, genitive singular feminine cothroime, plural cothroma, comparative cothroime)

1. equally heavy, balanced
2. equal
3. level

   Synonym: cothromúil

Declension

Declension of cothrom

Positive	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	strong noun	weak noun
nominative	cothrom	chothrom	cothroma; chothroma2
vocative	chothroim		cothroma
genitive		cothroime	cothroma	cothrom
dative	cothrom; chothrom1	chothrom; chothroim (archaic)	cothroma; chothroma2
Comparative	níos cothroime
Superlative	is cothroime

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

• cluiche cothrom (“evenly-played, drawn, game”)
• cothromaigh (“even, level; balance, equalize”, transitive verb)
• cothromán m (“horizontal”)
• cothromas m (“equity”)
• cothromóir m (“leveller; equalizer; trimmer”)

Related terms

• cothromaíocht f (“evenness, balance; equilibrium”)
• cothromaitheach (“balancing”, adjective)
• cothrománach (“horizontal”, adjective)
• cothromasach (“equitable”, adjective)

Noun

cothrom m (genitive singular cothroim, nominative plural cothroim)

1. an equal weight

   a chothrom d’ór ― his weight in gold

2. equity, justice, fair play

   ar an gcothrom ― on the level

3. a level area (of ground etc., also figuratively)

   cothrom sa bhféar ghlas ― an even place in the grass

   i gcothrom le ― equal to, level with

Declension

Declension of cothrom (first declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative cothrom cothroim vocative a chothroim a chothroma genitive cothroim cothrom dative cothrom cothroim forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an cothrom na cothroim genitive an chothroim na gcothrom dative leis an gcothrom don chothrom leis na cothroim

Derived terms

• cothrom an lae (“anniversary”)
• céim chothroim (“equative”)
• cothrom na Féinne (“fair play”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of cothrom

radical	lenition	eclipsis
cothrom	chothrom	gcothrom

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cothrom”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “cothrom”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “cothrom”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “comthrom”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish comthrom (“of the same weight”), equivalent to co- +‎ trom. Doublet of cudrom.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkʰɔrˠəm/

Adjective

cothrom

1. (mathematics) even (not odd)

   Antonym: còrr

Noun

cothrom m (genitive singular cothruim, plural cothroman)

1. chance, opportunity
2. balance, equilibrium, equity, impartiality
3. scales, balance (device)
4. justice

Derived terms

• ana-cothrom (“disadvantage, unfairness”)
• co-chothrom (“balance”)
• co-chothromach (“symmetrical”)
• cothromach (“fair, just, impartial”)
• mì-chothrom (“disadvantage, unfairness”)
• thoir cothrom do (“enable”)

Mutation

Mutation of cothrom

radical	lenition
cothrom	chothrom

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “comthrom”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language