deug
Afrikaans edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Dutch deugd, from Middle Dutch dōget, from Old Dutch *dugeth, from Proto-Germanic *dugunþō (“usefulness, virtue”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewgʰ- (“to be ready, be sufficient”).
Noun edit
deug (plural deugde)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Dutch deugen, from Middle Dutch dōgen, from Old Dutch dugan, from Proto-Germanic *duganą.
Verb edit
deug (present deug, present participle deugende, past participle gedeug)
- (intransitive) to be appropriate, to be adequate, to be fitting
- (intransitive) to be decent, to be virtuous
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
deug
- inflection of deugen:
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
Unknown. Originally a u-stem because of the u-coloured e.[1] Related to Welsh diod (“drink”).
Perhaps from Proto-Celtic *de- (“from”) + *gus (“pouring”) from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew- (“to pour”), compare Ancient Greek χόη (khóē, “libation”).[2] Or from Proto-Celtic *dīātis,[3] from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to suck”). Or related to *dʰǵʰúHs (“fish”) (see there).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
deug f (genitive dige)
- drink
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 27a24
- Nachib·mided .i. nachib·berar i smachtu rechta fetarlicce, inna ndig et a mbiad, inna llíthu et a ssapati, act bad foirbthe far n‑iress.
- Let him not judge you, i.e. do not be borne into the institutions of the Law of the Old Testament, into their drink and their food, into their festivals and their sabbaths; but let your faith be perfect.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 27a24
- draught
- potion
Inflection edit
Feminine ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | deugL | digL | deugaH |
Vocative | deugL | digL | deugaH |
Accusative | digN | digL | deugaH |
Genitive | digeH | deugL | deugN |
Dative | digL | deugaib | deugaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants edit
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
deog | deog pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ |
ndeog |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003), D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 308, page 195
- ^ Vendryes, Joseph (1996), “deog”, in Lexique Étymologique de l'Irlandais Ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume D, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, pages D-51f.
- ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “deug”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “deog, deoch”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Scottish Gaelic edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Irish déc, from Old Irish deec, deac, from Proto-Celtic *dekam-kʷe (literally “and ten”), with loss of the first k by dissimilation.[1] Cognate with Irish déag and Manx jeig.
Pronunciation edit
Numeral edit
deug
Usage notes edit
- Used not as a suffix but as a separate word:
- ochd ― eight
- ochd deug ― eighteen
Derived terms edit
- cola-deug (“fortnight”)
- dà dhusan dheug (“gross; 144”)
- deugaire (“teenager”)
Related terms edit
- deich - ten
References edit
- ^ Schrijver, Peter (1993), “Varia IV. OIr. dëec, dëac”, in Ériu, volume 44, pages 181–84