Translingual
edit
Egyptian
edit
Pronunciation
edit
Etymology 1
edit
2-lit.
- (transitive) to pierce, to stab [since the Middle Kingdom]
Inflection
edit
Conjugation of dm (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: dm, geminated stem: dmm
infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
dm
|
dmw, dm
|
dmt
|
dm, j.dm
|
dm, j.dm
|
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
dm
|
ḥr dm
|
m dm
|
r dm
|
suffix conjugation
|
aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
perfect
|
dm.n
|
dmw, dm
|
consecutive
|
dm.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
terminative
|
dmt
|
perfective3
|
dm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
dm.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
imperfective
|
dm, j.dm1
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
prospective3
|
dm
|
dmm
|
potentialis1
|
dm.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
subjunctive
|
dm, j.dm1
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
verbal adjectives
|
aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
perfect
|
dm.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
perfective
|
dm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
dm
|
dmm, dmmj6, dm2, dmw2 5, dmy2 5
|
imperfective
|
j.dm1, dm, dmy, dmw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
j.dm1, j.dmw1 5, dm, dmj6, dmy6
|
dm, dmw5
|
prospective
|
dm, dmtj7
|
—
|
dmtj4, dmt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of dm
Etymology 2
edit
From Proto-Afroasiatic *dûm-.
2-lit.
- (transitive) to pronounce (a name)
c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE,
Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 7–8:
- sꜥḥ ꜣḫ ḫnt sꜥḥw wꜣḥ jꜣwt smn ḥqꜣt sḫm nfr n(j) psḏt jmꜣ ḥr mrr mꜣ n.f rdj snḏ.f m tꜣw nb(w) n mr(w)t dm.sn rn.f r ḥꜣt […]
- Effective dignitary, foremost of dignitaries, enduring of office, established of reign, the fair power of the Ennead, gracious of face, the sight of whom is beloved, the awe of whom is set in all lands in order that they pronounce his name first, […]
Inflection
edit
Conjugation of dm (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: dm, geminated stem: dmm
infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
dm
|
dmw, dm
|
dmt
|
dm, j.dm
|
dm, j.dm
|
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
dm
|
ḥr dm
|
m dm
|
r dm
|
suffix conjugation
|
aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
perfect
|
dm.n
|
dmw, dm
|
consecutive
|
dm.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
terminative
|
dmt
|
perfective3
|
dm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
dm.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
imperfective
|
dm, j.dm1
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
prospective3
|
dm
|
dmm
|
potentialis1
|
dm.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
subjunctive
|
dm, j.dm1
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
verbal adjectives
|
aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
perfect
|
dm.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
perfective
|
dm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
dm
|
dmm, dmmj6, dm2, dmw2 5, dmy2 5
|
imperfective
|
j.dm1, dm, dmy, dmw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
j.dm1, j.dmw1 5, dm, dmj6, dmy6
|
dm, dmw5
|
prospective
|
dm, dmtj7
|
—
|
dmtj4, dmt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative forms
edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of dm
References
edit