draen
Breton edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Brythonic *draɣen, from Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa”) (compare Old Irish draigen, modern Irish draighean), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰ- (“blackbush, sloe tree”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
draen f (plural drein, singulative draenenn)
- (botany) thorn
- fishbone
- point, tip (of sharp object)
- (by extension, of arms) détente
- (by extension, of horse) withers
- (figurative) snag, hitch, problem, difficulty
Mutation edit
Mutation of draen
References edit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “dragena”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 104
Irish edit
Noun edit
draen m (genitive singular draein, nominative plural draenta)
- Alternative form of draein (“drain”)
Declension edit
Declension of draen
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
draen | dhraen | ndraen |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Old High German edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *þrāan, from Proto-Germanic *þrēaną, akin to Old Saxon thrāian, Old English þrāwan.
Verb edit
drāen
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of draen (weak class 1)
infinitive | draen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | past |
1st person singular | drau | drata |
2nd person singular | drais, draist | dratōs, dratōst |
3rd person singular | drait | drata |
1st person plural | draem, draemēs | dratum, dratumēs |
2nd person plural | draet | dratut |
3rd person plural | draent | dratun |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st person singular | drae | drati |
2nd person singular | draēs, draēst | dratīs, dratīst |
3rd person singular | drae | drati |
1st person plural | draēm, draēn, draemēs | dratīm, dratīn, dratīmēs |
2nd person plural | draēt | dratīt |
3rd person plural | draēn | dratīn |
imperative | present | |
singular | drai | |
plural | draet | |
participle | present | past |
draenti | gidrat |
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Welsh edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /draːɨ̯n/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /drai̯n/
- Rhymes: -aːɨ̯n
- Homophone: drain (South Wales)
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Brythonic *draɣen, from Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“sloetree, blackthorn, Prunus spinosa”) (compare Old Irish draigen, modern Irish draighean), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰ- (“blackbush, sloe tree”).[1]
Noun edit
draen f (plural drain)
Derived terms edit
- draenog
- dreiniog
- ar y draen, ar ddraen (“on tenterhooks”)
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
Related terms edit
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
draen | ddraen | nraen | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “dragena”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 104
- ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “draen”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies