droch
See also: droch-
Old IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Celtic *drukos (compare Welsh drwg).
AdjectiveEdit
droch
- bad, evil
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 134d3
- Ɔ·riris-siu .i. ar·troídfe{a}-siu inna droch daíni, a Dǽ, dia n-anduch, air is fechtnach a n-andach mani erthroítar húa Día.
- You will bind, i.e. you will restrain the evil men, O God, from their iniquity, for their iniquity is prosperous if they are not restrained by God.
- c. 845, St. Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 217a
- Memmbrum naue, droch dub! Ó, ní epur na haill.
- New parchment, bad ink! Oh, I say nothing more.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 134d3
Usage notesEdit
Forms a compound with a following noun and is thus never inflected on its own.
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Celtic *drokos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ-. Cognate with Ancient Greek τρέχω (trékhō, “I run”), τροχός (trokhós, “wheel, grindstone”), Breton troc'h (“cut”).
NounEdit
droch m (genitive unattested)
InflectionEdit
| Masculine o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | droch | drochL | *droichL |
| Vocative | *droich | drochL | drochuH |
| Accusative | drochN | drochL | drochuH |
| Genitive | *droichL | droch | drochN |
| Dative | drochL | drochaib | drochaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Related termsEdit
- drochet (“bridge”)
MutationEdit
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| droch | droch pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ |
ndroch |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further readingEdit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 droch ‘bad’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 droch ‘wheel’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Scottish GaelicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Irish droch (“bad”), from Proto-Celtic *drukos.
AdjectiveEdit
droch (comparative miosa)
Usage notesEdit
- Unlike the majority of Scottish Gaelic adjectives, droch precedes the noun and lenites it.
- Cannot be used on its own (without a noun).
- Often prefixed to words to indicate a malignant subject, similarly to English ill-, as seen in Derived terms below.
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
- droch-bheart (“vice, sin”)
- droch-bheul (“impudence”)
- droch-chliùiteach (“infamous”)
- droch-fhacal (“curse”)
- droch-ghiùlan (“misbehaviour”)
- droch isean (“brat”)
- droch shùil (“evil eye”)
WelshEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
droch
- Soft mutation of troch.
MutationEdit
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| troch | droch | nhroch | throch |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||