enfermo

See also: enfermó

Asturian

Adjective

enfermo

1. neuter of enfermu

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese enfermo (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin īnfirmus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [eɱˈfeɾmʊ]

Adjective

enfermo (feminine enferma, masculine plural enfermos, feminine plural enfermas)

1. sick, ill, diseased

   Synonyms: doente, mal

   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 157:

     Cauallo que ha a door no corpo dentro contynoadamente ten as orellas fryas et os ollos couos he mal enfermo

     the horse who has pain inside his body continuously, has the ears cold and the eyes hollow, is badly ill

   • 1895, A. López Ferreiro, A tecedeira de Bonaval, page 170:

     a situación tristísima e máis que lamentábel da súa nai, enferma, sin recursos e, para maor desgracia, de xenio tan atufado, enrenico e mal cabido, que naide se ladaba con ela

     the very sad and lamentable position of her mother, sick, resourceless and, adding insult to injury, having such a haughty, rude and misfit temper, that none got along with her

Noun

enfermo m (plural enfermos, feminine enferma, feminine plural enfermas)

1. sick person

   Synonym: doente

2. (in the plural) sick
   • 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 167:

     Ali da soude aos enfermos et alumea os çegos

     There He gives health to the sick and lights the blind

Verb

enfermo

1. first-person singular present indicative of enfermar

References

• Ernesto González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “enfermo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “enfermo”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• “enfermo” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “enfermo” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “enfermo” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese enfermo, from Latin īnfirmus (“sick, feeble”), from in- + firmus (“firm”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-mo-s (“holding”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽˈfeʁ.mu/ [ẽˈfeɦ.mu], (natural pronunciation) /ĩˈfeʁ.mu/ [ĩˈfeɦ.mu]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽˈfeʁ.mu/ [ẽˈfeɦ.mu], (natural pronunciation) /ĩˈfeʁ.mu/ [ĩˈfeɦ.mu]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽˈfeɾ.mu/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩˈfeɾ.mu/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽˈfeʁ.mu/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩˈfeʁ.mu/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽˈfeɻ.mo/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩˈfeɻ.mo/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ẽˈfeɾ.mu/

• Audio (Brazil):

  (file)

Adjective

enfermo (feminine enferma, masculine plural enfermos, feminine plural enfermas)

1. (of a person) sick, ill

   Synonyms: doente, adoecido, mal

Derived terms

• enfermaria
• enfermagem
• enfermeiro, enfermeira
• enfermiço
• enfermidade

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /enˈfeɾmo/ [ẽɱˈfeɾ.mo]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɾmo
• Syllabification: en‧fer‧mo

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin īnfirmus (“weak, feeble”), from īn- + firmus (“strong”).

Adjective

enfermo (feminine enferma, masculine plural enfermos, feminine plural enfermas)

1. sick, ill

   Synonym: malato

Derived terms

• enfermería f
• enfermero m, enfermera f
• enfermizo
• enfermo mental
• unción de los enfermos

Related terms

• enfermar
• enfermedad

 

Etymology 2

Verb

enfermo

1. first-person singular present indicative of enfermar

Further reading

• “enfermo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014