equus
See also: Equus
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
| PIE word |
|---|
| *h₁éḱwos |
For Proto-Italic *ekwos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos (“horse”), cognate with Ancient Greek ἵππος (híppos), Sanskrit अश्व (áśva), Persian اسب (asb), Old Armenian էշ (ēš, “donkey”), Tocharian B yakwe, Gaulish epos. Respelt with QVV for the earlier QVO/CV in post-Augustan times on the analogy of oblique cases.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈe.kʷus/, [ˈɛkʊs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈe.kwus/, [ˈɛːkwus]
Noun edit
equus m (genitive equī, feminine equa); second declension
- a horse
- Vergil, Aeneis II, 48 and 110-113 and 150 (edited and translated by H. Rushton Fairclough, Virgil with an English translation I, 1916)
- saepe illos aspera ponti | interclusit hiems et terruit Auster euntis; | praecipue, cum iam hic trabibus contextus acernis | staret equus, toto sonuerunt aethere nimbi.
- Often a fierce tempest of the deep cut them off and the gale scared them from going. Above all, when yonder horse now stood framed of maple-beams, storm clouds sounded throughout the sky.
- quo molem hanc immanis equi statuere?
- To what end have they set up this huge mass of a horse?
- saepe illos aspera ponti | interclusit hiems et terruit Auster euntis; | praecipue, cum iam hic trabibus contextus acernis | staret equus, toto sonuerunt aethere nimbi.
- a steed, charger
- Vergil, Georgicon II, 541-542 (edited and translated by H. Rushton Fairclough, Virgil with an English translation I, 1916)
- Sed nos immensum spatiis confecimus aequor, | et iam tempus equum fumantia solvere colla.
- But in our course we have traversed a mighty plain, and now it is time to unyoke the necks of our smoking steeds.
- Sed nos immensum spatiis confecimus aequor, | et iam tempus equum fumantia solvere colla.
- Vergil, Georgicon II, 541-542 (edited and translated by H. Rushton Fairclough, Virgil with an English translation I, 1916)
Declension edit
Second-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | equus | equī |
| Genitive | equī | equōrum |
| Dative | equō | equīs |
| Accusative | equum | equōs |
| Ablative | equō | equīs |
| Vocative | eque | equī |
Synonyms edit
Hypernyms edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “equus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “equus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- equus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- equus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to begin a journey (on foot, on horseback, by land): iter ingredi (pedibus, equo, terra)
- to ride: equo vehi
- to saddle a horse: sternere equum
- to mount: conscendere equum
- to mount: ascendere in equum
- to dismount: descendere ex equo
- to be on horseback: in equo sedere; equo insidēre
- to sit a horse well; to have a good seat: (in) equo haerere
- to put spurs to a horse: calcaria subdere equo
- to put spurs to a horse: calcaribus equum concitare
- at full gallop: equo citato or admisso
- ride against any one at full speed; charge a person: equum in aliquem concitare
- to give a horse the reins: admittere, permittere equum
- to give a horse the reins: frenos dare equo
- to make a horse prance: agitare equum
- to manage a horse: moderari equum
- the horses are panic-stricken, run away: equi consternantur
- to bring horses to the halt when at full gallop: equos incitatos sustinere
- to keep horses, dogs: alere equos, canes
- to serve in the cavalry, infantry: equo, pedibus merere (Liv. 27. 11)
- to capture horses: capere equos
- to fight on horseback: ex equo pugnare
- to begin a journey (on foot, on horseback, by land): iter ingredi (pedibus, equo, terra)