grád

See also: grad

Contents

IrishEdit

PronunciationEdit

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /ɡɾˠɑː/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ɡɾˠæː/

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Irish grád, a borrowing from Latin gradus.

NounEdit

grád m ‎(genitive singular gráid, nominative plural gráid)

1. grade; degree, class
2. (nautical) rating

DeclensionEdit

Declension of grád

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative grád gráid Vocative a ghráid a ghráda Genitive gráid grád Dative grád gráid

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an grád na gráid Genitive an ghráid na ngrád Dative leis an ngrád don ghrád leis na gráid

Derived termsEdit

Derived terms

grádach ‎(“graded”) grádaigh ‎(“to grade; to rate, scale; to graduate, calibrate”) díghrádaigh ‎(“to degrade”)

íosghrádaigh ‎(“to downgrade”) grádán ‎(“grade, gradient”)

Etymology 2Edit

VerbEdit

grád

1. (dialectal) first-person singular present subjunctive of gráigh

MutationEdit

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
grád	ghrád	ngrád
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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Old IrishEdit

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ɡraːð/

Etymology 1Edit

Borrowing from Latin gradus.

NounEdit

grád n ‎(genitive gráid, nominative plural gráid)

1. grade, degree
2. rank, order

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Celtic *gʷrātus.

NounEdit

grád n ‎(genitive gráda, nominative plural grád)

1. love, affection, fondness, charity

DescendantsEdit

• Irish: grá
• Manx: graih
• Scottish Gaelic: gràdh

MutationEdit

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
grád	grád pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/	ngrád
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

ReferencesEdit

• “1 grád (‘grade, degree’)” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
• “2 grád (‘love, affection’)” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.