kilogram

See also: kilo-gram

English

Alternative forms

• chiliogramme, chilogramme (both obsolete)
• kilogramme (dated)

Etymology

Borrowed from French kilogramme. By surface analysis, kilo- +‎ gram.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɪləɡɹæm/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: kil‧o‧gram

Noun

kilogram (plural kilograms)

2. In the International System of Units, the base unit of mass; conceived of as the mass of one litre of water, but now defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant h to be 6.626 070 15 × 10^-34 when expressed in units of kg⋅m²⋅s⁻¹. Symbol: kg

   Holonyms: megagram < gigagram

   Meronyms: picogram < nanogram < microgram < milligram < gram

   • 2018 November 13, Matthew Robinson and Lianne Kolirin, “The world has just redefined the kilogram”, in CNN‎^[1]:

     Friday’s vote has permanently redefined the kilogram and sent Le Grand K into retirement.

3. (proscribed) The unit of weight such that a one-kilogram mass is also a one-kilogram weight.
   • 1990, Central Asia, numbers 26-27, page 137:

     A nan (bread) costs 25 Afghanis : a kilogram of beef 800 Afghanis and mutton of the same weight for 1200 Afghanis; […]

   • 2015 July 22, Reshma M. Khan et al., “Embolic Stroke as the Initial Manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus”, in Case Reports in Rheumatology‎^[2], volume 2015, →DOI:

     Review of systems was positive for unintentional weight gain of 13.5 kilograms in the last eight months, excessive fatigue, fever, difficulty focusing, one episode of painful oral ulcer on the roof of her mouth, change in the hair texture with nonscarring alopecia, shortness of breath with exertion, and constipation.

Usage notes

• (proscribed, unit of weight): The use of the kilogram as a unit of weight is somewhat imprecise, as weight can change while mass remains constant. The weight of a one-kilogram mass will depend on its location because the pull of gravity varies from one place to another. It is therefore frequently proscribed but is nonetheless in wide use (e.g., a person's weight in kilograms). (The same imprecision and proscription also occur with many other words pertaining to weight and mass, such as the verb weigh.)
• Whilst one kilogram equals 1,000 grams, it is the kilogram and not the gram that is the base unit.

Synonyms

• kilo
• kg

Derived terms

• kilogram calorie
• kilogram-force
• kilogram-metre
• metre-kilogram-second
• multikilogram

Translations

unit of mass equal to 1000 grams

• Afrikaans: kilogram
• Albanian: kilogram (sq) m
• Amharic: ኪሎግራም (kilogram)
• Arabic: كِيلوغْرَام m, كِيلوجْرَام m (kīlōgrām)

  Egyptian Arabic: كيلوجرام m (kilogrām)

• Armenian: կիլոգրամ (hy) (kilogram), (colloquial) կիլո (hy) (kilo)
• Asturian: quilogramu m, kilogramu m
• Azerbaijani: kiloqram
• Bashkir: килограмм (kilogramm)
• Belarusian: кілагра́м m (kilahrám), кілягра́м m (kiljahrám)
• Bengali: কিলো (bn) (kilō), কিলোগ্রাম (bn) (kilōgram)
• Bulgarian: килогра́м (bg) m (kilográm)
• Burmese: ကီလိုဂရမ် (my) (kiluiga.ram)
• Carpathian Rusyn: килогра́м m (kylohrám)
• Catalan: quilogram (ca) m
• Chamicuro: kilo
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 公斤 (yue) (gung¹ gan¹), 千克 (cin¹ hak¹)

  Dungan: гунҗин (gunžin), кило (kilo), килограмм (kilogramm)

  Hakka: 公斤 (kûng-kîn), 奇勞 / 奇劳 (ki-ló)

  Hokkien: 公斤 (zh-min-nan) (kong-kin)

  Mandarin: 千克 (zh) (qiānkè), 公斤 (zh) (gōngjīn),

• Czech: kilogram (cs) m
• Danish: kilogram (da) n
• Dutch: kilogram (nl) m
• Esperanto: kilogramo
• Estonian: kilogramm, kilo (et)
• Faroese: kilogramm n
• Finnish: kilogramma (fi)
• French: kilogramme (fr) m, kilo (fr) m
• Galician: quilogramo (gl) m
• Georgian: კილოგრამი (ḳilogrami)
• German: Kilogramm (de) n
• Greek: χιλιόγραμμο (el) n (chiliógrammo), κιλό (el) n (kiló),
• Gujarati: કિલોગ્રામ (kilogrām)
• Hebrew: קִילוֹגְרָם (he) m (kilogram)
• Hindi: किलो m (kilo), किलोग्राम m (kilogrām)
• Hungarian: kilogramm (hu)
• Icelandic: kílógramm (is)
• Indonesian: kilogram (id)
• Ingrian: kilogramma
• Irish: cileagram m
• Italian: chilogrammo (it) m, chilo (it) m
• Japanese: キログラム (ja) (kiroguramu), キロ (ja) (kiro)
• Jarai: kĭ
• Kannada: ಕಿಲೋಗ್ರಾಮ್ (kilōgrām)
• Kazakh: килограмм (kilogramm)
• Khmer: គីឡូក្រាម (km) (kiiloukraam)
• Korean: 킬로그램 (ko) (killogeuraem), 키로 (ko) (kiro), 킬로 (ko) (killo)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: kîlo (ku), kîlogram (ku)

• Kyrgyz: килограмм (kilogramm)
• Lao: ກິໂລກຣາມ (ki lōk rām), ກິໂລ (lo) (ki lō), ກິ​ໂລ​ກາມ (ki lō kām)
• Latin: kilogramma n, chiliogramma (la) n
• Latvian: kilograms m, kilo m
• Lithuanian: kilogramas (lt) m
• Lü: ᦂᦲᦷᦟᦂᧄ (k̇iilok̇am)
• Macedonian: килограм m (kilogram)
• Malagasy: kilaograma (mg)
• Malay: kilogram (ms)
• Malayalam: കിലോഗ്രാം (kilōgrāṁ)
• Maltese: kilogramm m
• Maori: kirokaramu, manokaramu
• Marathi: किलोग्रॅम (kilogrĕm)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: килограмм (mn) (kilogramm)

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kilogram (no)

• Ottoman Turkish: اوقه (oqqa)
• Pashto: کېلو m (kiló, keló), کيلوګرام m
• Persian: کیلوگرم (fa) (kilogram)
• Polish: kilogram (pl) m, kilo (pl) n
• Portuguese: quilograma (pt) m, kilograma f
• Romanian: kilogram (ro) n
• Russian: килогра́мм (ru) m (kilográmm), кило́ (ru) n (kiló)
• Scottish Gaelic: cileagram m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ки̏лограм m

  Roman: kȉlogram (sh) m

• Shan: ၵိလူဝ်ၷြမ် (kǐ lǒ grǎm)
• Sinhalese: කිලෝග්‍රෑම් (kilōgrǣm)
• Slovak: kilogram m
• Slovene: kilogram (sl)
• Sotho: kilogeramo
• Spanish: kilogramo (es) m, quilogramo (es) m
• Swahili: kilo (sw)
• Swedish: kilogram (sv), kilo (sv)
• Tagalog: libogramo, kilogramo
• Tajik: килограмм (kilogramm)
• Tamil: கிலோகிராம் (ta) (kilōkirām)
• Tatar: килограм (kiloğram)
• Telugu: కిలోగ్రాము (kilōgrāmu)
• Thai: กิโลกรัม (th) (gì-loo-gram), กิโล (th) (gì-loo), โล (th) (loo)
• Tibetan: ཀི་ལོ (ki lo), སྤྱི་རྒྱ (spyi rgya), སྤྱིའི་རྒྱ་མ (spyi'i rgya ma)
• Turkish: kilogram (tr), kilo (tr); okka (tr)
• Turkmen: kilogramm
• Ukrainian: кілогра́м (uk) m (kilohrám)
• Urdu: کلوگرام m (kilogrām)
• Uyghur: كىلوگرام (kilogram)
• Uzbek: kilogramm (uz)
• Vietnamese: kilôgam (vi), ki-lô-gam (vi), ki-lô (vi), kí lô (vi), ký (vi) (regional), kí (vi) (regional)
• Welsh: cilogram
• Yiddish: קילאָ n (kilo)
• Yoruba: kìlógíráàmù, kílò
• Zazaki: kilogram (diq) m

See also

• kilogram on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Czech

Etymology

From kilo- +‎ gram.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkɪloɡram]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ki‧lo‧gram

Noun

kilogram m inan

1. kilogram

   Synonym: kilo

Declension

Declension of kilogram (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	kilogram	kilogramy
genitive	kilogramu	kilogramů
dative	kilogramu	kilogramům
accusative	kilogram	kilogramy
vocative	kilograme	kilogramy
locative	kilogramu	kilogramech
instrumental	kilogramem	kilogramy

Further reading

• “kilogram”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “kilogram”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Danish

Noun

kilogram n (singular definite kilogrammet, plural indefinite kilogram)

1. kilogram

Declension

Declension of kilogram

neuter gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	kilogram	kilogrammet	kilogram	kilogrammene
genitive	kilograms	kilogrammets	kilograms	kilogrammenes

References

• “kilogram” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

From kilo- +‎ gram.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ki‧lo‧gram

Noun

kilogram m (plural kilogrammen, diminutive kilogrammetje n)

1. kilogram

Synonyms

• kilo

Further reading

• “kilogram” in Van Dale Onlinewoordenboek, Van Dale Lexicografie, 2007.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

kilo- +‎ gram

Noun

kilogram

1. kilogram

Further reading

• “kilogram” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

kilo- +‎ gram

Noun

kilogram

1. kilogram

Further reading

• “kilogram” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

From kilo- +‎ gram.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kiˈlɔ.ɡram/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔɡram
• Syllabification: ki‧lo‧gram

Noun

kilogram m inan

1. kilogram

   Synonym: (colloquial) kilo

Declension

Declension of kilogram

	singular	plural
nominative	kilogram	kilogramy
genitive	kilograma	kilogramów
dative	kilogramowi	kilogramom
accusative	kilogram	kilogramy
instrumental	kilogramem	kilogramami
locative	kilogramie	kilogramach
vocative	kilogramie	kilogramy

Further reading

• kilogram in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• kilogram in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

Etymology

From kilo- +‎ gram.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ki.lo.ˈɡram/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -am
• Hyphenation: ki‧lo‧gram

Noun

kilogram

1. kilogram

Further reading

• “kilogram”, in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language) (in Romanian), 2004–2025

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From kilo- +‎ gram.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kîloɡram/
• Hyphenation: ki‧log‧ram

Noun

kȉlogram m (Cyrillic spelling ки̏лограм)

1. kilogram

Declension

Declension of kilogram

	singular	plural
nominative	kilogram	kilogrami
genitive	kilograma	kilograma
dative	kilogramu	kilogramima
accusative	kilogram	kilograme
vocative	kilograme	kilogrami
locative	kilogramu	kilogramima
instrumental	kilogramom	kilogramima

Further reading

• “kilogram”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Slovak

Etymology

From kilo- +‎ gram.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkilɔɡram]

Noun

kilogram m inan (genitive singular kilogramu, nominative plural kilogramy, genitive plural kilogramov, declension pattern of dub)

1. kilogram

Declension

Declension of kilogram
(pattern dub)

	singular	plural
nominative	kilogram	kilogramy
genitive	kilogramu	kilogramov
dative	kilogramu	kilogramom
accusative	kilogram	kilogramy
locative	kilograme	kilogramoch
instrumental	kilogramom	kilogramami

Derived terms

• kilogramový

Further reading

• “kilogram”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

Swedish

Noun

kilogram n

1. kilogram (unit of mass)

   Synonym: kilo

   Katten väger fyra kilogram

   The cat weighs four kilograms

Declension

Declension of kilogram

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	kilogram	kilograms
	definite	kilogrammet	kilogrammets
plural	indefinite	kilogram	kilograms
	definite	kilogrammen	kilogrammens

References

• kilogram in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• kilogram in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• kilogram in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Tatar

Noun

kilogram

1. kilogram

Declension

    declension of kilogram

Nominative	kilogram
Genitive	kilogramnıñ
Dative	kilogramga
Accusative	kilogramnı
Locative	kilogramda
Ablative	kilogramdan

Turkish

Etymology

kilo- +‎ gram

Noun

kilogram

1. kilogram

Further reading

• “kilogram”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu