See also: Mitochondrion

English

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Mitochondria in the lungs of a mammal.

Etymology

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Coined in German by Carl Benda in 1898, from Ancient Greek μίτος (mítos, thread) + χονδρίον (khondríon), diminutive of χόνδρος (khóndros, grain, morsel)

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Noun

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mitochondrion (plural mitochondria or mitochondrions)

  1. (cytology) A spherical or ovoid organelle found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and containing genetic material separate from that of the host; it is responsible for the conversion of food to usable energy in the form of ATP.
    • 1902 February, W. J. Baumgartner, “Spermatid Transformations in Gryllus assimilis, with Special Reference to the Nebenkern”, in Kansas University Science Bulletin, volume 1, number 2:
      The consideration of the mitochondrion in the spermatocytes I shall pass over, as it is not within the bounds of this paper; yet I hope to study the earlier generations of my material, and shall then compare the results.

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