novem

See also: Novem.

Interlingua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈno.vem/

Numeral

novem

1. nine

---

Latin

Latin numbers ^(edit)

	90[a], [b]
←  8	IX 9	10  →
Cardinal: novem     Ordinal: nōnus     Adverbial: noviēs, noviēns, nōniēs, nōniēns     Multiplier: novemplus, novemplex, nonuplus, nonuplex, noncuplus, noncuplex, novemcuplus, novemcuplex     Distributive: novēnī     Fractional: nōnus

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈno.u̯em/, [ˈnou̯ɛ̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈno.vem/, [ˈnɔːvem]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Etymology 1

For *noven (contaminated by decem, original form preserved in nōnus < *h₁newnos), from Proto-Italic *nowem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥. Cognates include Sanskrit नवन् (navan), Ancient Greek ἐννέα (ennéa), Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌽 (niun) and Old English niġon (English nine).

Alternative forms

• Symbol: IX

Numeral

novem (indeclinable)

1. nine; 9
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 4.262-264:

     perque novem luces expers undaeque cibique
     rore mero lacrimisque suis ieiunia pavit
     nec se movit humo

     For nine whole days she sat, tasting neither drink nor food,
     her hunger fed by naught save pure dew and tears,
     and moved not from the ground.

   • 397 CE – 401 CE, Aurelius Augustinus Hipponensis, Confessions 4.1.1:

     per idem tempus annorum novem, ab undevicensimo anno aetatis meae usque ad duodetricensimum, seducebamur et seducebamus

     During this period of nine years, from my nineteenth year to my twenty-eighth, I went astray and led others astray.

   • 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Iosue 13:7

     et nunc divide terram in possessionem novem tribubus et dimidiae tribui Manasse

     Now therefore divide this land for an inheritance unto the nine tribes, and the half tribe of Manasseh

Derived terms

• nōngentī
• november
• novena
• novēnī
• noviēs, noviēns

 

Related terms

• nōnāgintā

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: noauã, nauã
  • Romanian: nouă
• Dalmato-Romance:
  • Dalmatian: nu
  • Istriot: gnove
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: nove, novi

    Gallurese: noi

  • Italian: nove
  • Neapolitan: nòve

    Tarantino: nôve

  • Sassarese: nobi
  • Sicilian: novi
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: nûf, nûv
  • Ladin: nuef
  • Ligurian: neuve
  • Lombard: növ
  • Piedmontese: neuv
  • Romagnol: növ (Ville Unite)
  • Romansch: nov, nouv
  • Venetian: nove
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: nuef
    • French: neuf
    • Norman: neuf (Jersey, Guernsey)
    • Walloon: noûf
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: nou
  • Occitan: nòu
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: nueu, nou
  • Extremaduran: nuevi
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: nueve
    • Leonese: nueve
    • Mirandese: nuôbe
  • Old Portuguese: nove
    • Galician: nove
    • Portuguese: nove
  • Old Spanish: nueve, nuef
    • Spanish: nueve
      • Papiamentu: nuebe
      • → Cebuano: nuwebe, nuybe
      • → Tagalog: nuwebe
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: noi, nobe, noe

See also

• Appendix:Latin cardinal numerals

Etymology 2

From novō (“renew, refresh”).

Verb

novem

1. first-person singular present active subjunctive of novō

References

• “novem”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “novem”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• novem in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN